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Aerofoil

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Aerofoil is primary flow element used to measure flow in rectangular duct. It works on the principle of the relationship between flow velocity and the pressure fields in friction less flow. Since the air particles follow the curved streamlines above the upper surface there must be a centripetal force across the streamlines which is accelerating the flow towards the centre of the curvature. That force must be associated with a pressure gradient across the streamlines i.e. ambient atmospheric pressure at some distance from the surface grading to a lower pressure on the upper wing surface.