hydraulic fluids
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The evolution of hydraulic fluids has paralleled the history of aviation. In early years the hydraulic systems were required only to apply brake pressure. These systems used a vegetable oil or castor oil based fluid and natural rubber for seals and hoses. As aircraft designers produced larger and faster aircraft, the role of hydraulics expanded, becoming a key component in operating landing gears and flight controls.These applications resulted in higher pressures (1000 psi) and called for improved fluids. To meet these demands the aircraft industry turned to petroleum based fluids. Since the petroleum oils caused the natural rubber to swell, the aircraft designers switched over to synthetic rubbers such as Buna N or Neoprene.