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TMT Bars are thermo-mechanical treated reinforcement bars that find extensive use in the construction industry. These reinforcement bars are manufactured using thermo mechanical treatment of the steel bars in order to achieve high strength and ductility. The high strength TMT bars are considered ideal for any construction purpose where a high yield strength and low weight is desirable.Due to its exceptionally high strength and high yielding capacity, TMT bars form an important part of the construction business. The thermo mechanically treated steel bars have lesser impurities, and are prone to lesser design failures and hence are used for Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) Work. High quality TMT bars are used in the construction of industrial as well as residential structures including flyovers, bridges, dams, ports and more.

Structural Steel is a category of steel construction material that is made with specified value of strength and chemical constituents. It is high in stiffness, strength, toughness and ductile properties. It is one of the most widely used material in commercial and industrial construction. Structural steel is different in terms of compressive and tensile strength in comparison to concrete in its attributes.

rubber wood based plywood will be taxed at a rate of 28%, something that has alarmed the businessmen in this industry. According to Jose Chacko, an entrepreneur dealing in plywood, “Majority of the factories that manufacture the plywood were out of the purview of excise since the annual turnover for most of the units is less than 1.5 crores. These units did business with the neighbouring states paying 2 per cent for the central sales tax. From 2 per cent the manufacturers will have to pay 28 per cent which is going to be a big pain for the industry.

PVC Stabilisers are added either directly into PVC or in combination to prevent oxidation, chain scission, uncontrolled recombination, and cross-linking reactions caused by photo oxidation. Essentially, they protect PVC from the harmful effects of extreme temperature and ultraviolet radiations. PVC Stabilisers are of different types like Heat Stabilisers which are mainly used in Construction projects. Antioxidants are PVC Stabilisers that prevent oxidation of PVC from taking place due to atmospheric oxygen. Hindered amine light stabilizers are PVC Stabilizers that scavenge radicals produced by weathering. The next type of PVC Stabilisers are UV absorbers. They dissipate energy absorbed by UV rays. Antiozonants are PVC Stabilisers that prevent degradation of materials cause by Ozone gas present in the atmosphere. Lastly, PVC Stabilisers are available in the form of Organosulfur Compounds that thermally stabilize polymers.

Polyester fibre is one of the most used commercial fibres across the world. These are strong synthetic fibres made by blending the alcohol and acid and initiating a chain reaction. Strong and big molecules are generated in this reaction with repetitive structure. Yarns are commercially used interlocked fibres of continuous length majorly used for weaving and knitting. The Polyester Filament Yarn is one of the finest and synthetic yarns that are used for various purposes like Embroidery, sewing, knitting, weaving and so forth. Such yarns are also called PFY. Such yarns are created when MEG and PTA are spun directly. The Polyester yarns brought a revolution in the global textile industry.

Modal is a type of yarn which is mixed with the silky type of fiber. It is derived from the beech trees. The modal yarn is semi-synthetic in nature. As it is soft in nature, they are often used with the household attires like the bed sheet, towels, bathing robes, and as well as undergarments. Since it is processed in a typical way, the fibers are stronger in itself. If the yarns are made wet it feels cool, complacent and convenient. However, some people are allergic to it. There are many questions regarding the Modal yarn. We are now trying to make things easier for others. Rayon happens to be the first manufactured fiber. Rayon is the processed form of wood pulps (it is chemically being treated to produce the final product). Hence it is often termed as "semi-synthetic" fiber that is almost made of unadulterated cellulose.

Low density polyethylene is a thermoplastic made from the monomer called ethylene. It was first produced by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) in the 1930s and the process employed involves free radical polymerisation. A major concern with LDPE is the fact that only 5.7% of the material is actually recyclable, yet, it continues to be used widely as a common plastic due to its favourable properties.LDPE varies generally by the level of flexibility, which differs according to the production process administered. The high density LDPE is the most rigid.

hot rolled plates involves a continuous process, in which the steel slabs are rolled continuously at a high temperature --- usually over 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Continuous monitoring of the temperature is required at this stage to ensure that it is maintained at the recrystallization temperature. If at any stage, the temperature goes below the recrystallization temperature, then raw material has to be reheated before further rolling process can be continued. The steel slabs or sheets are passed through the roller and then cut into required sizes and after which they are cooled off.Often, these hot rolled materials possess oxides or other contaminants. These can be removed using a special treatment called pickling, which involves using an acidic solution, that lends a smooth, oxide free surface.

Hot Rolled Coils are made by continuous rolling of steel at high temperature, generally over 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit. The process involves passing metal sheets, produced from billets, through rollers above the metal’s (steel) recrystallization temperature. The metal sheets may be passed through the roller many times to achieve the desired dimension. During the cooling process, the hot rolled steel may reconfigure itself resulting in an end product that is more flexible and more loose as compared to the original product. The hot rolled coils are manufactured without much delay in order to avoid the need for reheating the steel during the manufacturing. The entire process of manufacturing HR coils is known as hot rolling. As the steel cools off it automatically shrinks; usually it is not easy to predict the size and shape of the end product of a hot rolling.

Melange or dyed yarns are the yarns that are made by combining multiple fibers. These fibers can be of same or different colors or types. Dyed and raw fibers are present in the mixture. The viscose fiber melange yarns are very durable yarns with enduring brightness. These are available in a range of shades. The fibers mixed to create the melange yarns can be 100% pure or blended. Usually, the cotton fibers are blended with either polyester yarns or viscose yarns to create melange yarns.In blended melange yarns, there can be two different categories of fibers and the colors can also be different. The major blended melange yarn types are cotton-polyester melange yarns and cotton-viscose melange yarns. The percentage of the different fibers remains in the mixture as 50-50, 70-30, 80-20 and so forth.

Galvanised Coils are mainly prepared through two specific processes namely, Continuous Hot Dipping and Electro-Galvanisation. Continuous Hot Dipping is a process by which steel is repeatedly passed through a bath of molten zinc. In Electro Galvanisation, electrolytic disposition takes places and zinc application is performed. The finished product is a base metal with a tightly adhering layer of zinc achieved through Iron-Zinc bonding. The Galvanised Zinc layer on top of the sheet of steel protects the metal against environmental degradation through a sacrificial protection process. This sacrificial protection is possible because two dissimilar metals are in contact with each other and are coupled to be exposed with Water and Oxygen.

The general process used for production of cold rolled (CR) steel sheets is based on the metalworking or rolling process, which includes passing the metal steel through one or more pair of rolls to reduce the thickness. The entire process starts from preparation of pig iron in a blast furnace, where a mixture of coke and iron ore reacts together. This pig iron is then passed through a converter as well as continuous casting equipment to obtain a slab type steel product. This slab is then hot rolled (through a hot rolling mill containing pairs of rolls) and pickled (under the impact of a pickling line).To form the cold rolled sheets from such hot rolled pickled products, the temperature of the steel is maintained below its re-crystallization temperature (normally the room temperature), while making it pass through a cold reduction mill (pairs of rolls to reduce thickness). This ‘cold rolling’ process results in the formation of hard CR sheets that showcase less formability, uniform thickness and immense strength (due to strain hardening).

The manufacturing of Cold Rolled (CR) coils is carried out using the rolling (metalworking) processes. For CR coils, the temperature of the steel is maintained below its re-crystallization temperature (usually room temperature). After the steel is melted below its re-crystallization temperature, it is passed through pairs of rolls (between the small gaps) to reduce its thickness and achieve uniformity. This process of manufacturing CR coils is termed as ‘cold rolling’.The cold rolling process helps to obtain the CR coils from the cooling (in the cold rolling mill) of hot rolled pickled products (made from finest steel), that are reduced to much finer thickness with increased strength via strain hardening (up to almost 20%). The resulting CR coils are smaller as compared to the coils formed by the hot rolling process, and they are less ductile. They possess improved surface finish and tighter tolerances.

A huge growth in the blended yarn international market has been in the past decade. A significant spectrum of people is choosing the blended yarns over 100% cotton yarns. The cotton blended yarns are used for knitting, weaving and several other purposes. Cotton is extensively used in various parts of the world. Cotton industry is already flourishing and it’s expected to surge by 2-3% in the near future. People prefer wearing cotton apparel and using cotton-made personal accessories over many other fabrics. Cotton is light, skin-friendly, smooth, breathable, enduring and demands low maintenance.

The yarn is a long uninterrupted span of interlocked fiber. It is used in the production sewing, textile and also as the weaving unit of embroidery, crocheting, knitting. It is also utilized in the making of ropes. The thread is a type of yarn which is used in the process of sewing. Of late, there are yarns which are finished with the help of wax and other forms of lubricants. We are basically going to know about the characteristic features of the carded yarns. Carded yarn is basically cotton made and they are not combed. These types of yarn are made of a high variety of fibers. This is the reason that carded yarns are not combed and they do not have any uniform finishing. It should always be remembered that the carded yarns are considerably much cheaper than that of other yarns. The carded yarns are made which includes the short and medium length of fibers.

The product Ammonium Sulphate is composed of 21% Nitrogen and 24% Sulphur. It is essentially an inorganic salt that is obtained when Ammonia is treated with Sulphuric Acid. Ammonium Sulphate also occurs in nature as ‘Mascagnite’ which is a rare mineral that can be found in Volcanic Fumaroles. It is also commonly known as Diammonium Sulfate or Sulfuric Acid Diammonium Salt. Ammonium Sulfate is a white crystalline solid in appearance. It has no smell and is salty to taste. Although it does not cause harm, certain precautions are necessary while handling this chemical. Ammonium Sulphate has a wide variety of commercial uses, the most common being as Soil Fertiliser.