Distribution Transformers
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ndustrial, Substation & Distribution Tfr. Upto 10 MVA, Upto 33kV, ONAN A poly phase Distribution Transformers design is presented in which transformer output pores are accurately constructed in both voltage magnitude and relative phase angle. The design incorporates both main and auxiliary transformers that are used in unison to produce the accurately constructed phases. The main transformer permits rough phase adjustment to be made with the auxiliary transform permitting phase fine tuning. Such a design is particularly suitable in transformer approaches that require output phases that are of a number not evenly divisible by three.A distribution transformer is a transformer that provides the final voltage transformation in the electric power distribution system, stepping down the voltage used in the distribution lines to the level used by the customer. The invention of a practical efficient transformer made AC power distribution feasible; a system using distribution transformers was demonstrated as early as 1882. If mounted on a utility pole, they are called pole-mount transformers. If the distribution lines are located at ground level or underground, distribution transformers are mounted on concrete pads and locked in steel cases, thus known as pad-mount transformers.Distribution transformers normally have ratings up to 200 kVA, although some national standards can describe units up to 5000 kVA as distribution transformers. Since distribution transformers are energized for 24 hours a day (even when they don't carry any load), reducing iron losses has an important role in their design. As they usually don't operate at full load, they are designed to have maximum efficiency at lower loads. To have a better efficiency, voltage regulation in these transformers should be kept to a minimum. Hence they are designed to have small leakage reactance.Distribution transformers are classified into different categories based on certain factors such as:• Mounting location - pole, pad, underground vault• Type of insulation - liquid-immersed or dry-type• Number of Phases - single-phase or three-phase• Voltage class• Basic impulse insulation level (BIL).Distribution transformers are normally located at a service drop, where wires run from a utility pole or underground power lines to a customer's premises. They are often used for the power supply of facilities outside settlements, such as isolated houses, farmyards or pumping stations at voltages below 30 kV. Another application is the power supply of the overhead wire of railways electrified with AC. In this case single phase distribution transformers are used. The number of customers fed by a single distribution transformer varies depending on the number of customers in an area. Several homes may be fed off a single transformer in urban areas; rural distribution may require one transformer per customer. A large commercial or industrial complex will have multiple distribution transformers. Pad mount transformers are used in urban areas and neighborhoods where the primary distribution lines run underground. Many large buildings have electric service provided at primary distribution voltage. These buildings have customer-owned transformers in the basement for step-down purposes. In a secondary network system as used in urban areas, many distribution transformers may be connected in parallel, each equipped with its own network protector circuit breaker to isolate it from the secondary network in case of a fault.Distribution transformers are also found in the power collector networks of wind farms, where they step up power from each wind turbine to connect to a substation that may be several miles (kilo meters) distant.
Power Transformers
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A power transformer is characterized by inner and outer low voltage winding sections and a high voltage winding section disposed there between. The low voltage windings are comprised of a plurality of pancake coils, and the high voltage winding are comprised of a plurality of conductor strands spirally wound for a plurality of coil layers. The low and high voltage winding sections are laterally spaced with the low voltage windings disposed in side-by-side positions and adjacent to the high voltage windings. The high voltage windings have a smaller turn height than the low voltage windings and have conductor strands of smaller gauge than the pancake coils of the low voltage windings. A Power transformer is an electrical device that transfers energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.A varying current in the transformer's primary winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the core and a varying magnetic field impinging on the secondary winding. This varying magnetic field at the secondary induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) or voltage in the secondary winding. Making use of Faraday's Law in conjunction with high magnetic permeability core properties, transformers can thus be designed to efficiently change AC voltages from one voltage level to another within power networks. Transformers range in size from RF transformers less than a cubic centimeter in volume to units interconnecting the power grid weighing hundreds of tons. A wide range of transformer designs is encountered in electronic and electric power applications. Generation of electrical power in low voltage level is very much cost effective. Hence electrical power is generated in low voltage level. Theoretically, this low voltage level power can be transmitted to the receiving end. But if the voltage level of a power is increased, the electric current of the power is reduced which causes reduction in ohmic or I2R losses in the system, reduction in cross sectional area of the conductor i.e. reduction in capital cost of the system and it also improves the voltage regulation of the system. Because of these, low level power must be stepped up for efficient electrical power transmission. This is done by step up transformer at the sending side of the power system network. As this high voltage power may not be distributed to the consumers directly, this must be stepped down to the desired level at the receiving end with the help of step down transformer. These are the uses of electrical power transformer in the electrical power system. Two winding transformers are generally used where ratio between high voltage and low voltage is greater than 2. It is cost effective to use auto transformer where the ratio between high voltage and low voltage is less than 2. Again three phase single unit transformer is more cost effective than a bank of three single phase transformer unit in a three phase system. But still it is preferable to use than the later where power dealing is very large since such large size of three phase single unit power transformer may not be easily transported from manufacturer's place to work site. The high reliability of these transformers ensures maximum availability, lower maintenance costs and reduced life-cycle costs. Our ultimate goal is to exceed our customers' expectations continually by delivering the highest quality services. Power transformers comply with our quality policy by:Consistent management focus on quality; Continually improving the effectiveness of our Quality Management System;Understanding our customers goals and embracing them. Application in following industries : Chemical, Pharmaceuticals, Steel, Textile, Engineering, Plastic, Cement, Refineries, Mining, Captive Power Projects, Hydro Power Projects, Wind Mill Farms, Construction Houses, Pharma, Electrical, Electronics, Renewable Energy, Automobile.
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Dry Type Transformer
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Industrial, Substation & Distribution purpose Manufacturing range Upto 2MVA 22 KV naturally air cooled. These transformers are generally smaller in dimensions and lesser in weights. The construction and installation cost for the sub-station can be reduced by adopting dry type transformers. Without fire or danger of explosion, it is possible to place the transformers near to the load centre. Also, these transformers do not need construction of special fibre brick walls or oil pits, which reduces the overall civil works. Since no oil is used in these transformers, there are no chances of contamination of ground water due to oil leakage.
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