Kumar Metal Industries Pvt. Ltd. Mira Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra

Horizontal Model comprising of articulated band conveyor assembly, which receives the material from the Feed Hopper and transport, it at a very slow predetermined speed from the feed to the discharge end. The conveyor moves over the rails suitably located inside the Extractor and the rides on specially constructed sprocket at either end, adjustable damper for regulation of the height of the bed of material on the chain conveyor, series of Spray breakers for the perfect spray of the solvent on the moving bed, with liberal provision for light sight glasses. Band Conveyor Assembly designed in such a way to act as filter bed for eliminating fines, complete with rotary brushes & mesh cleaning system for effective cleaning of mesh. Salient Features Drive Extractor has single piece Hollow shaft gear box having out put of 0.05 rpm, which is mounted on the extractor main shaft. This is excellence of engineering that avoids the use of Big Gear and pinion arrangement prone to frequent maintenance. Extractor Motor is driven by Variable frequency drive that allows finite adjustment of speed as per processing rates and also allows the data-logging like Run time, stoppage history etc. Construction Extractor has Single piece miscella hoppers having no joint. This reduces the welding and chances of leakage during operations. All body plates and internals are sandblasted and Zink base epoxy primer coated prior to manufacture. This increase life by reducing chances of corrosion and increases life of equipment. Extractor is fabricated in factory, (site fabrication is avoided) and running trial is taken in factory to ensure trouble free running at site. Prefabrication reduces the time for erection and plant will be started quickly. Selection of size is such that the bed height is limited to 1.5m which reduces the chances of miscall channeling. The advantages of low bed height is Rate of mark feeding to DT is consistent, which ensures consistence vapor flow and control on hexane loss. Loading of extractor Bed is low, i.e. weight per square m is low compared to true deep bed extractors which ensures low wear and tear of band conveyor, ensuring long life. Additional two hoppers Extra miscella hopper at discharge end to allow more hexane to drain before it is fed to DT, hence load on DT is low ensuring low steam consumption to evaporate Hexane and low water circulation for condensation as well. Extra miscall hopper at feed end to ensure the settling of miscella before it is transferred to Miscella tank. Major fines are settled in these hoppers, which are then pumped on the top of extractor. The additional miscella spray of this hopper is used to soak the incoming Flakes so that the regular miscella circulation sprays are used effectively.

Pre Treatment & Bleaching : The feed oil is heated to 65-70oC in the Economiser by outgoing deodorized oil followed by feed heater (during start up). Concentrated phosphoric acid (0.05 - 0.10%) is injected by the Acid Metering Pump and intensively mixed with the oil in the Acid Mixer before entering the Conditioning Reactor. The oil is discharged into the slurry mixer above the Bleacher. A valve dosing system proportions bleaching earth. The earth is introduced under the oil spray in the mixing chamber for improved mixing so that earth does not enter the Bleaching Vacuum System. The oil is heated up to Bleaching temperature in the first compartment of Bleacher. The earth adsorbs any residual gums as well as trace metals, color bodies and other polar impurities. The Bleacher has multiple agitated compartments and operates under vacuum to ensure complete moisture and air removal. The dried oil and earth mixture is discharged by the Bleacher Discharge Pump to one of the Filters where the spent earth is removed. The filtered oil is collected in the Filtrate Receiver. The Bleached Oil Pump sends the oil to the Bleached Oil tank via one of the alternating Polish Filters. Filter Management : The standard bleaching system is based on the use of two filters of which one is on line while the other is being cleaned and prepared for the next cycle. When a filter has reached its maximum capacity, as indicated by high feed pressure, it is taken off line for cleaning and replaced by the other filter. The cleaning procedure begins by first pressurizing the filter with steam to expel residual oil into the Recovered Oil Tank and dry the spent filter cake. The oil recovered from the filter cake is collected in the tank and can usually be recycled to the Bleacher. After drying, a bottom discharge valve on the filter is opened and the leaves pneumatically vibrated so that the spent cake is dislodged and discharged via a hopper. The filter is then closed and readied for the next batch. Before going on line again it can be pre-coated with filter aid and/or bleaching earth in order to seal the filter leaves and minimize clogging. The adsorbents are mixed with bleached oil in the Precoat/Heel Tank and applied to the leaves by circulation with the Precoat Pump. When not using filter aid or off-line pre-coat, the empty clean filter is filled and put on line while the other filter is still in operation. The filtrate from the clean filter is recycled back to the Bleacher until the filter is pre-coated with bleaching earth and the oil is clear. After this the full flow is switched to the new filter. De Acidification / Deodorisation : Bleached oil is continuously pumped from the Feed Tank by the Deareator Feed Pump. The oil is pre-heated in the Deaerating Economizer by outgoing deodorized oil followed by the Deaerating Heater (if necessary) before entering the Deaerator. The vessel is under full vacuum, so that residual air is reduced to an absolute minimum. The Deaerator Discharge Pump sends the oil through a Heat Economizer where the temperature is increased by hot deodorized oil. The oil is heated to full processing temperature in the Vacuum Heater by thermal fluid from the Thermal Oil Heater. A portion of the free fatty acids in the oil will be flashed off in the Heater. Stripping : The hot oil enters the Packed Column, which is filled with special structured packing so that the oil is distributed into a thin film and is evenly agitated by stripping steam flowing counter currently from the bottom of the column. As a result, free fatty acids and other remaining volatile impurities in the oil are evaporated and removed with the steam. The residence time in the column is only a few minutes. The bulk of the free fatty acids along with aldehydes, ketones etc. in the oil are quickly stripped off before any heat induced permanent damage has been done. Deodorizing : The stripped oil from the column flows into the Deodorizer where it flows through the channels of a series of vertically stacked compartments (trays) while agitated by stripping steam. The prolonged thermal action breaks down carotene and other color bodies, resulting in a lighter oil color. Also, the amount of remaining free fatty acids in the oil is reduced to an absolute minimum. The stripping steam passes through the packed column and no separate steam is required in the stripping column. The maximum retention time in the Deodorizer is 70 minutes. Cooling : The deodorized oil is discharged by the Product Pump and further cooled to storage temperature in the Deodorizing Economizer , Deaerating Economizer, Bleaching Economiser and Product Cooler. The anti-oxidant is mixed with oil in the Deodorizer. The finished oil is finally sent to storage via one of the alternating Product Filters. Distillate Recovery : Fatty acids and other materials, evaporated from the oil, are condensed by contact with recycled and cooled distillate in the Vapor Scrubber. The distillate is circulated by the Distillate Pump via the Distillate Cooler where it is cooled by cooling water. Accumulated distillate is discharged from the Scrubber to storage. Trans and Tocopherol : The high efficiency (low amount of stripping steam) and short retention time of the stripping column, combined with the possibility to reduce the heat bleaching time or temperature, ensure optimum conditions for controlling the process. The oil can thereby be properly deodorized without the creation of trans fatty acids while also controlling the amount of tocopherol removed from the oil Protection Against Air Contamination : For optimum quality, especially when processing unsaturated oils, the oil should be protected from air contamination during the entire deodorizing process. The packed column type Deareator ensures maximum removal of dissolved air before high temperature heating. This also helps minimize polymerization of the oil on the inside of the heat exchange coils of the heat Economizer. Process Control : The control, operation and supervision of the plant can be handled by one operator per shift. All main process parameters, if required, e.g. flow rates, temperatures, liquid levels etc. are automatically maintained from a control panel or, as an option, with the help of PID/PC based controls.

We offer palm kernel oil expellers of following sizes pk 10with 30 hp motor - capacity 10 ton24 hrs palm kernel expellers, the first oil seed crushing equipment manufacturer in india. Our 70 years of experience and expertise, has lead us to become a world class manufacturer in the oil mill industry. A highly specialized research and development team ensures that all machinery meets international technical standards. the triple helical gear box is state of the art technology and energy efficient. It is made as per european standard and is ce certified advantages of kumar pk expeller : maximizing oil extraction from palm kernel. Low investment - easy to install. Hhigh throughput capacity. Efficient with low operating cost and higher productivity. Alloy steel with ultrasonically tested screw shaft. Heavy duty bearings. A low residual oil content in second press cake. low power consumption per tone.

We are offering oil expeller. Kumar mk I oil expeller capacity 3 tonday. Hp required – 10 hp kumar new oil_n_oil series single chamber oil expellers are designed for greater flexibility, capacity and efficiency. The expeller is supplied with triple reduction helical gear box coupled independently with expeller’s main motor. the gear box is state of the art technology and energy efficient. It is made as per european standard and is ce certified. the expellers are supplied with 2 to 6 stage stack cooker for conditioning the oil seeds before crushing. These cookers are self driven with their independent geared motor. Kumar new oil_n_oil series expellers are designed for crushing all types of oil seeds like sunflower, mustard, groundnut, sesame, soybean, copra, palm kernel, jatropha, shea nut and various other edible and non edible oil seeds. Kumar expellers are being manufactured since 1939’s and are upgraded with the modern technology. Salient features : • maximum oil yield at low operating cost. • easy and time saving main worm shaft removal. • special designed locking type clamping bars and bolts. • worms and collars are hardened and tempered • cage bars are hardened and tempered • heavy duty bearings for thrust loads. • low residual oil content in cake. • low power consumption.

Brand Name : KUMAR

Desolventised meal from Desolventizer Toaster outlet is conveyed to meal conditioning section via outgoing conveyor. The meal is conditioned and cooled to desired moisture level (10 to 11%) and temperature @ 10o C above ambient before being delivered to bagging section. The meal is conditioned in vertical / horizontal type meal conditioner working on fluidization principal provided with hot / cold air circulation and conditioned to desired temperature and moisture level. Conditioned meal from meal cooler is then collected at the discharge end and delivered to bagging section.

Salient Features X' tra Yield X' tra Strong X' tra Reliable X' tra Economical It X outs the competition Independent Gearbox

Type : Expeller Machine

Certification : CE Certified

Color : Metallic

Warranty : 2years

Salient Features Maximum oil yield at low operating costCan crush all type of edible and non-edible oil seedsEasy and time saving main worm shaft removal without disturbing the gear box assembly Vertical split hinged main cages provided with cage lifting or opening attachment for safe, quick and effortless maintenance Special designed locking type clamping bars & bolts to enable easy tightening & removal of the cage Fully enclosed cage with built in screw conveyor at base for conveying oil and foots which keeps the shop floor neat and clean Steel cast, hobbed helical gears with induction hardening completely assembled on a single piece hollow driving sleeve with heavy duty taper roller bearing to make alignment perfect and friction free for energy conservation Extra heavy duty spherical roller thrust Bearing on Expeller main shaft for preventing any damage to the gear box, during reverse rotation of the main shaft when the machine is chocked Multistage vertical stack cooker for proper conditioning of the seeds All the bearings are lubricated with the help of a motorized pump to enhance the bearing lifeWe supply all the expellers with independent gear box which ensure low maintenance, reduced noise levels and less power consumption Manufactured in compliance with applicable European Directives

We offer Palm Kernel Oil expellers of following sizes PK 25 with 75 HP Motor - Capacity 25 Ton24 Hrs palm kernel expellers, the first oil seed crushing equipment manufacturer in india. Our 70 years of experience and expertise, has lead us to become a world class manufacturer in the oil mill industry. a highly specialized research and development team ensures that all machinery meets international technical standards. the triple helical gear box is state of the art technology and energy efficient. It is made as per european standard and is ce certified advantages of kumar pk expeller : Maximizing oil extraction from palm kernel. Low investment - easy to install. Hhigh throughput capacity. Efficient with low operating cost and higher productivity. Alloy steel with ultrasonically tested screw shaft. Heavy duty bearings. A low residual oil content in second press cake. Low power consumption per tone.

Brand Name : Kumar

We offer palm kernel oil expellers of following sizes pk 15 with 50 hp motor - capacity 15 ton24 hrs palm kernel expellers, the first oil seed crushing equipment manufacturer in india. Our 70 years of experience and expertise, has lead us to become a world class manufacturer in the oil mill industry. A highly specialized research and development team ensures that all machinery meets international technical standards. the triple helical gear box is state of the art technology and energy efficient. It is made as per european standard and is ce certified advantages of kumar pk expeller : maximizing oil extraction from palm kernel. Low investment - easy to install. Hhigh throughput capacity. Efficient with low operating cost and higher productivity. Alloy steel with ultrasonically tested screw shaft. Heavy duty bearings. A low residual oil content in second press cake. low power consumption per tone.

Brand Name : KUMAR

Salient Features Sturdy constructionFlexible opening of main cage for easy maintenanceLow initial investment, easy to install, high yield at low operating cost, capable of extracting oil from all known oil seedsConvenient height of worm shaft for easy maintenance as the worm shaft can be withdrawn without disturbing the expeller driveReduced load on bearing with high quality ball and roller bearingsMulti-stage cooker driver for the conditioning of seeds We supply all the expellers with independent gear box which ensure low maintenance, reduced noise levels and less power consumption

We are offering kumar mk vii oil expeller. Kumar mk vii oil expeller capacity 22-25 tonday. Hp required – 60 hp kumar new oil_n_oil series single chamber oil expellers are designed for greater flexibility, capacity and efficiency. The expeller is supplied with triple reduction helical gear box coupled independently with expeller’s main motor. the gear box is state of the art technology and energy efficient. It is made as per european standard and is ce certified. the expellers are supplied with 2 to 6 stage stack cooker for conditioning the oil seeds before crushing. These cookers are self driven with their independent geared motor. Kumar new oil_n_oil series expellers are designed for crushing all types of oil seeds like sunflower, mustard, groundnut, sesame, soybean, copra, palm kernel, jatropha, shea nut and various other edible and non edible oil seeds. Kumar expellers are being manufactured since 1939’s and are upgraded with the modern technology. Salient features : • maximum oil yield at low operating cost. • easy and time saving main worm shaft removal. • special designed locking type clamping bars and bolts. • worms and collars are hardened and tempered • cage bars are hardened and tempered • heavy duty bearings for thrust loads. • low residual oil content in cake. • low power consumption.

Brand Name : KUMAR

We are offering kumar mk vi oil expeller. Kumar mk vi oil expeller capacity 18-20 tonday. Hp required â�� 50 hp kumar new oil_n_oil series single chamber oil expellers are designed for greater flexibility, capacity and efficiency. The expeller is supplied with triple reduction helical gear box coupled independently with expellerâ��s main motor. the gear box is state of the art technology and energy efficient. It is made as per european standard and is ce certified. the expellers are supplied with 2 to 6 stage stack cooker for conditioning the oil seeds before crushing. These cookers are self driven with their independent geared motor. Kumar new oil_n_oil series expellers are designed for crushing all types of oil seeds like sunflower, mustard, groundnut, sesame, soybean, copra, palm kernel, jatropha, shea nut and various other edible and non edible oil seeds. Kumar expellers are being manufactured since 1939â��s and are upgraded with the modern technology. Salient features : â�¢ maximum oil yield at low operating cost. Â�¢ easy and time saving main worm shaft removal. Â�¢ special designed locking type clamping bars and bolts. Â�¢ worms and collars are hardened and tempered â�¢ cage bars are hardened and tempered â�¢ heavy duty bearings for thrust loads. Â�¢ low residual oil content in cake. Â�¢ low power consumption.

Brand Name : KUMAR

We are offering kumar mk iv c oil expeller. Kumar mk ivc oil expeller capacity 12-15 tonday. Hp required – 30 hp kumar new oil_n_oil series single chamber oil expellers are designed for greater flexibility, capacity and efficiency. The expeller is supplied with triple reduction helical gear box coupled independently with expeller’s main motor. the gear box is state of the art technology and energy efficient. It is made as per european standard and is ce certified. the expellers are supplied with 2 to 6 stage stack cooker for conditioning the oil seeds before crushing. These cookers are self driven with their independent geared motor. Kumar new oil_n_oil series expellers are designed for crushing all types of oil seeds like sunflower, mustard, groundnut, sesame, soybean, copra, palm kernel, jatropha, shea nut and various other edible and non edible oil seeds. Kumar expellers are being manufactured since 1939’s and are upgraded with the modern technology. Salient features : • maximum oil yield at low operating cost. • easy and time saving main worm shaft removal. • special designed locking type clamping bars and bolts. • worms and collars are hardened and tempered • cage bars are hardened and tempered • heavy duty bearings for thrust loads. • low residual oil content in cake. • low power consumption.

Brand Name : KUMAR

We are offering kumar mk iii oil expeller. Kumar mk iii oil expeller capacity 8-9 tonday. Hp required â�� 25 hp kumar new oil_n_oil series single chamber oil expellers are designed for greater flexibility, capacity and efficiency. The expeller is supplied with triple reduction helical gear box coupled independently with expellerâ��s main motor. the gear box is state of the art technology and energy efficient. It is made as per european standard and is ce certified. the expellers are supplied with 2 to 6 stage stack cooker for conditioning the oil seeds before crushing. These cookers are self driven with their independent geared motor. Kumar new oil_n_oil series expellers are designed for crushing all types of oil seeds like sunflower, mustard, groundnut, sesame, soybean, copra, palm kernel, jatropha, shea nut and various other edible and non edible oil seeds. Kumar expellers are being manufactured since 1939â��s and are upgraded with the modern technology. Salient features : â�¢ maximum oil yield at low operating cost. Â�¢ easy and time saving main worm shaft removal. Â�¢ special designed locking type clamping bars and bolts. Â�¢ worms and collars are hardened and tempered â�¢ cage bars are hardened and tempered â�¢ heavy duty bearings for thrust loads. Â�¢ low residual oil content in cake. Â�¢ low power consumption.

Brand Name : KUMAR

We are offering kumar mk ii oil expeller. Kumar mk ii oil expeller capacity 6-7 tonday. Hp required – 20 hp kumar new oil_n_oil series single chamber oil expellers are designed for greater flexibility, capacity and efficiency. The expeller is supplied with triple reduction helical gear box coupled independently with expeller’s main motor. the gear box is state of the art technology and energy efficient. It is made as per european standard and is ce certified. the expellers are supplied with 2 to 6 stage stack cooker for conditioning the oil seeds before crushing. These cookers are self driven with their independent geared motor. Kumar new oil_n_oil series expellers are designed for crushing all types of oil seeds like sunflower, mustard, groundnut, sesame, soybean, copra, palm kernel, jatropha, shea nut and various other edible and non edible oil seeds. Kumar expellers are being manufactured since 1939’s and are upgraded with the modern technology. Salient features : • maximum oil yield at low operating cost. • easy and time saving main worm shaft removal. • special designed locking type clamping bars and bolts. • worms and collars are hardened and tempered • cage bars are hardened and tempered • heavy duty bearings for thrust loads. • low residual oil content in cake. • low power consumption.

Brand Name : KUMAR

Hammer Mills are used to pulverize copra, palm kernel & other oil seeds. The Hammers (Beaters) are rectangular for efficient grinding and are made from hardened alloy steel. Salient Features :  Easy opening arrangement.  Easy removal of the mesh which leads to less down time due to chocking.  Hardened tempered specially designed rectangular beaters.  Grater plates are provided to ensure efficient pulvarising.  Alloy steel well balanced rotor shaft supported on self aligning double raw spherical roller bearing ensure a very smooth, vibration free rotation of the rotor.  Hammer mill and motor mounted on a single base frame with shock absorption rubber padding. MODEL CAPACITYHR H.P.REQUIRED HM-A1 500 KGS 7.5 HP HM-1 1000 KGS 20 HP HM-2 2000 KGS 40 HP HM-3 3000 KGS 50 HP HM-5 5000 KGS 75 HP HM-8 8000 KGS 100 HP

Brand Name : KUMAR

Brand Name : KUMAR

We offer filter press. Kumar filter press kumar filter press are very popular throughout the country and abroad in view of its quality and workmanship coupled with our long standing experience. These filer press are used in oil mills and also in the chemical industry. We manufacture quality cast iron filter press and are available with rachet type tightening. plate type size inches filtering area pump h. P. Required 30" x 30" x 40 plates 360 7.5 30" x 30" x 30 plates 240 5 30" x 30" x 25 plates 200 5 25" x 25" x 36 plates 140 3 25" x 25" x 30 plates 120 3 25" x 25" x 25 plates 100 3 18" x 18" x 18 plates 40 2 plate & frame type size inches filtering area pump h. P. Required 15" x 15" x 15 plates 25 7.5 12" x 12" x 12 plates 12 5 25" x 25" x 25 f24p 180 5 30" x 30" x 20 f19p 200 3 30" x 30" x 25 f29p 120 3 30" x 30" x 30 f24p 100 3 salient features  cast iron, short blasted plates leads to easy flow of filtered oil without spillage under pressure.  leakproof joints to withstand operating pressure  high grade c.i.  projected edges of the plates form a very good filtration chamber which will help for a very efficient filtration capacity.  high rate of filtration  powerful pump and accurate assembly  machined and well furnished taped edges of the frame also stop spillage of oil under pressure and assure long life of the cloth.

kumar bucket elevators screw conveyors kumar elevators and conveyors are used in most of the modern oil mills in india and overseas and are best known for their durability, dependability and productivity. they increase the efficiency of oil mill by conveying seeds to the machines automatically. salient features â�¢ available in different sizes and construction â�¢ easy erection and correct tensioning of chain â�¢ double row self aligning ball bearings â�¢ fabricated elevator chain with hardened pin and roller â�¢ single piece seamless buckets for different sizes suitable for different capacities â�¢ extended top shaft for drive purpose â�¢ removable plates bucket size 6'x4"x3â¼" 8'x4"x3â¾" 10'x6"x3" 12'x6"x5" capacity 1 tonshr. 3 tonshr. 5 tonshr. 8 tonshr.

Type : Bucket Elevators

Application : Industrial

Color : Green

Feature : Best Quality, High Loadiing Capacity, Smooth Function

Condition : New

Automatic Grade : Automatic

Power : 1-3kw

Driven Type : Electric

Loading Capacity : 1000-2000kg, 2000-3000kg, 3000-4000kg, 4000-5000kg

Brand Name : KUMAR

To correctly cook and condition the material prior to Flaker. Vertical, multi-stage unit with fabricated shell and trays where heating is carried out by indirect steam. The gates operated by mechanical level system automatically control the flow of material and the level in each stage. A central shaft driven by a gearbox carried agitator blades to ensure a good mix, a homogenous treatment of the material and prevents burning on the stage bottoms & A vertical duct extracts exhaust vapors from each stage. Provision is made to adjust final moisture levels of the material by injecting water or direct steam. Salient Features The suction load data of each steam jet ejector is precisely calculated which ensures lowest possible consumption of steam, thus reduction in recurring expenses along with reduction in heat load on condensation system.Distillation is carried out in three stages of vacuum. There by achieving incremental concentration of miscella at predetermined rate. Furthermore each stage is differentiated by incorporation of precisely designed U type siphon pipe, eliminating the use of centrifugal pump. This ensures continuous flow of miscella, & reduces power consumption.Economizer is specially designed having built in flasher, which provides the compact design, Minimum plant space and reduction in unwanted piping. This design itself provides the high efficiency flashing which increase the miscella concentration up to 75%.The final stage striping is carried out in presence of steam under higher vacuum of 700 mmHg. This allows the lower temperature distillation and they̢۪re by ensuring undamaged crude oil without color fixation.

Vapor tight construction in carbon steel, for de-solventising as well as toasting, specially designed for oilcake and comprising of a number of stages with bottoms jacketed for the purpose of indirect heating. Centrally rotating shafts provided with scrappers along with sparge steam distribution to ensure uniform heating and movements of the materials in the stages. Fitted with indicators to indicate the level of material in the stages. Final discharge door is later connected with the feeding, complete with driving mechanism. With Pneumatic Meal Level Controlling arrangement. Salient Features Desolventiser toaster is to be provided with hollow shaft steam connections to the blades to facilitate injection of steam in the material through moving blades. This ensures the intimate contact of steam with meal and effective transfer of latent heat to accelerate evaporation of hexane. This system ensures the highest contact ratio between sparge steam and meal to be Desolventised per unit areaAnother advantage of sparge steam through blades is, it reduces the number of steam injection nozzles and free working space and operator friendly system, which allows precise controlling of quantity of steam by one valve.DT outlet duct is designed to get the vapor velocity sufficient to cyclonic separation. Wet dust catcher is specially designed with incorporated cyclone separator and Vapors thoroughly washed with water sprays for removal of dust particles. This high efficiency cleaning provides trouble free running of heat exchangers.The provision of plug-o-seal conveyor with variable speed drive at outlet of Desolventiser ensures sealing of system. Thus eliminating the possibility of air entry into the Desolventiser toaster.DT vapor outlet is routed through various heat exchangers. The condensers and economizer are so designed to achieve minimum pressure drop (across shell)Zero vent system is a unique feature of Kumar system to minimize the loss of hexane to the atmosphere through final vent. In this system additional in line steam jet ejector is incorporated to provide pull to the vapors, which allows the vacuum in DT Vapor outlet duct up to 25mm of water column. This ensures the effective removal of vapors from DT without any reflux. Exhaust of final vent steam jet ejector is passed to extractor through direct contact type condenser and exhausted to atmosphere through feed bin of extractor. This reduces the amount of hexane going to atmosphere along with air.

Degumming & Neutralizing : Crude oil is delivered to the system by the Feed Pump. It is heated to 65 - 70 C in the Crude Oil Economizer by hot oil from down-stream bleaching/deodorizing operations or, when necessary, by steam in the Feed Heater mixed with pre calculated quantity of Phosphoric acid in a gum conditioning mixer the pre calculated quantity of water is added. Oil water mixture is fed to hydration tank to give sufficient residence time for gums to agglomerate on hydration. This oil is then pumped to separator where the oil and hydrated gums are separated and pumped to storage or disposal or gum drying plant in case of soybean gums. In the case of water degumming process, crude oil is heated to required temperature in the plate heat exchanger, mixed with pre calculated water through mixer and fed to the hydration tank for sufficient residence time for gums to agglomerate. Then it is pumped to separator where oil and hydrated gums are separated. Water degummed oil from separator is pumped to plate heat exchanger where oil is heated to neutralization temperature i.e. around 80 to 85 Deg C. The hot oil is fed to mixer with requisite quantity of phosphoric acid where oil and phosphoric acid is allowed a brief holding time and the precipitation of trace metals take place. Degummed oil is fed in to mixer where it is mixed with calculated quantity of caustic soda solution of suitable strength. Free fatty acid reacts with caustic soda to form soap . The reacted oil is sent to the Gum/Soap Separator . The precipitated impurities are removed from the oil as water based heavy phase referred to as soap stock. The gums/soap are collected in the Heavy Phase Receiver and sent to intermediate storage by the Heavy Phase Pump. Water Washing : The residual soap in the degummed & neutralized oil is reduced by water washing. In this case the oil from the separator is heated to about 95 C in the Washing Heater and then mixed with 10 - 15% soft water in the Wash Mixer. After a few minutes retention in the Wash Reactor the wet oil enters the Wash Water Separator. The washed oil, typically containing under 100 ppm soap and with a reduced level of phosphorus, is sent directly to bleaching as described above. The heavy phase soapy water is collected in the Recovered oil tank and drained to Effluent treatment. Vacuum drying : Washed oil is fed continuously to the Vacuum dryer and sprayed through specially designed nozzles. The vacuum dryer is kept under a vacuum of 70 torr. The dried oil from the vacuum chamber is continuously pumped out by pump to intermediate storage tank. Bleaching : The feed oil (acid conditioned, degummed / neutralized & washed) enters the Bleacher via a Bleaching heater where the oil is heated up to Bleaching temperature and discharged into the slurry mixer. A valve dosing system proportions bleaching earth. The earth is introduced under the oil spray in the mixing chamber for improved mixing so that earth does not enter the Bleaching Vacuum System. The earth adsorbs any residual gums and soap as well as trace metals, color bodies and other polar impurities. The Bleacher has multiple agitated compartments and operates under vacuum to ensure complete moisture and air removal. The dried oil and earth mixture is discharged by the Bleacher Discharge Pump to one of the Filters where the spent earth is removed. The filtered oil is collected in the Filtrate Receiver. The Bleached Oil Pump sends the oil to Deodorizing via one of the alternating Polish Filters. Filter Management : The standard bleaching system is based on the use of two filters of which one is on line while the other is being cleaned and prepared for the next cycle. When a filter has reached its maximum capacity, as indicated by high feed pressure, it is taken off line for cleaning and replaced by the other filter. The cleaning procedure begins by first pressurizing the filter with steam to expel residual oil into the Recovered Oil Tank and dry the spent filter cake. The oil recovered from the filter cake is collected in the tank and can usually be recycled to the Bleacher. After drying, a bottom discharge valve on the filter is opened and the leaves pneumatically vibrated so that the spent cake is dislodged and discharged via a hopper. The filter is then closed and readied for the next batch. Before going on line again it can be pre-coated with filter aid and/or bleaching earth in order to seal the filter leaves and minimize clogging. The adsorbents are mixed with bleached oil in the Precoat/Heel Tank and applied to the leaves by circulation with the Precoat Pump. When not using filter aid or �off-line� pre-coat, the empty clean filter is filled and put on line while the other filter is still in operation. The filtrate from the clean filter is recycled back to the Bleacher until the filter is pre-coated with bleaching earth and the oil is clear. After this the full flow is switched to the new filter. Dewaxing : After De-gumming, Neutralization, water washing, vacuum drying and bleaching the Dewaxing is done. Initially the oil is cooled by cooling tower water to around 35 Deg C , from 35 Deg C the oil is cooled by out coming chilled oil to 20 Deg C . This oil is then cooled to 8 Deg C by using Propylene glycol as cooling media. This oil is then feed to crystallizer for Crystal growth. A proper residence time is given to have a good crystal growth, after the waxes gets crystallized the oil is subjected to filtration. This dewaxed oil passes the cold test which gives clarity to oil even at lower temperature. Deodorisation : Bleached oil is continuously pumped from the Feed Tank by the Deareator Feed Pump. The oil is pre-heated in the Deaerating Economizer by outgoing deodorized oil followed by the Deaerating Heater (if necessary) before entering the Deaerator. The vessel is under full vacuum, so that residual air is reduced to an absolute minimum. The Deaerator Discharge Pump sends the oil through a Heat Economizer where the temperature is increased by hot deodorized oil. The oil is heated to full processing temperature in the Vacuum Heater by thermal fluid from the Thermal Oil Heater. A portion of the free fatty acids in the oil will be flashed off as the oil temperature increases. Stripping : The hot oil enters the Packed Column, which is filled with special structured packing so that the oil is distributed into a thin film and is evenly agitated by stripping steam flowing counter currently from the bottom of the column. As a result, free fatty acids and other remaining volatile impurities in the oil are evaporated and removed with the steam. The residence time in the column is only a few minutes. The bulk of the free fatty acids along with aldehydes, ketones etc. in the oil are quickly stripped off before any heat induced permanent damage has been done. Deodorizing : The stripped oil from the column flows into the Deodorizer where it flows through the channels of a series of vertically stacked compartments (trays) while agitated by stripping steam. The prolonged thermal action breaks down carotene and other color bodies, resulting in a lighter oil color. Also, the amount of remaining free fatty acids in the oil is reduced to an absolute minimum. The stripping steam passes through the packed column and no separate steam is required in the stripping column. The maximum retention time in the Deodorizer is 70 minutes. Cooling : The deodorized oil is discharged into the Deodorizing Economizer and cooled by incoming oil. The oil is then discharged by the Product Pump and further cooled to storage temperature in the Deaerating Economizer and Product Cooler. The anti-oxidant is mixed with oil in the Deodorizing Economizer. The finished oil is finally sent to storage via one of the alternating Product Filters. Distillate Recovery : Fatty acids and other materials, evaporated from the oil, are condensed by contact with recycled and cooled distillate in the Vapor Scrubber. The distillate is circulated by the Distillate Pump via the Distillate Cooler where it is cooled by cooling water. Accumulated distillate is discharged from the Scrubber to storage. Trans and Tocopherol : The high efficiency (low amount of stripping steam) and short retention time of the stripping column, combined with the possibility to reduce the heat bleaching time or temperature, ensure optimum conditions for controlling the process. The oil can thereby be properly deodorized without the creation of trans fatty acids while also controlling the amount of tocopherol removed from the oil. Protection against Air Contamination : For optimum quality, especially when processing unsaturated oils, the oil should be protected from air contamination during the entire deodorizing process. The packed column type Deareator ensures maximum removal of dissolved air before high temperature heating. This also helps minimize polymerization of the oil on the inside of the heat exchange coils of the heat Economizer. Process Control : The control, operation and supervision of the plant can be handled by one operator per shift. All main process parameters, if required, e.g. flow rates, temperatures, liquid levels etc. are automatically maintained from a control panel or, as an option, with the help of PID/PC based controls.

Pre Treatment : The feed oil is heated to 65-70oC in the Economiser by outgoing deodorized oil followed by feed heater (during start up). Concentrated phosphoric acid (0.05 - 0.10%) is injected by the Acid Metering Pump and intensively mixed with the oil in the Acid Mixer before entering the Conditioning Reactor. The oil is discharged into the slurry mixer above the Bleacher. Bleaching : The Pre-treated oil is pumped in to the Bleacher vessel which is kept under vacuum, and heated up to Bleaching temperature under continuous mechanical agitation. The calculated quantity of bleaching earth is charged to Bleacher under oil level in order to avoid earth entry to the bleaching vacuum system. The earth adsorbs any residual gums and soap as well as trace metals, color bodies and other polar impurities. The Bleacher has mechanical agitator operates under vacuum to ensure complete moisture and air removal. The dried oil-earth mixture is discharged to the Filters with the help of pump, where the spent earth is removed. Filter Management : The bleaching system is based on the use of one filter of sufficient filtration area. This filter can separate bleaching earth, which is equivalent to two batches of bleacher. After completion of filtration filter is being cleaned and prepared for the next cycle. The cleaning procedure begins by first pressurizing the filter with steam to expel residual oil into the Recovered Oil Tank and dry the spent filter cake. The oil recovered from the filter cake is collected in the tank and can usually be recycled to the Bleacher. After drying, the filter is opened and the spent cake is dislodged and discharged via a hopper. The filter is then closed and readied for the next batch. De-Acidification / Deodorization : The Feed Pump pumps bleached oil to Deodorizer from the Intermediate Bleached oil Tank through heat exchanger cooler if offered. The oil is heated up to full processing temperature by thermal fluid or high pressure steam in the Deodorizer vessel operated under full vacuum under continuous sparging steam. As a result, free fatty acids (formed because hydrolysis) in the oil and other remaining volatile impurities will be flashed off with the steam as the oil temperature increases. The oil is maintained at this temperature under full vacuum and sparge steam for 3-4 hours. The prolonged thermal action breaks down carotene and other color bodies, resulting in a lighter oil color. Also, the amount of remaining free fatty acids in the oil is reduced to an absolute minimum. The stripping steam and resulting vapor from the Deodorizer is routed through the catchall. Accumulated distillate is discharged (drained) from the catchall at the interval of cycle. Cooling : The deodorized oil is dropped by gravity to heat exchanger-cum-cooler or cooled inside the deodorizer .In the heat exchanger-cum-cooler if offered; cooling of the oil is done by feed bleached oil circulated through coils provided. Further this oil is cooled to the moderate filtration temperature and pumped to storage tank through the polishing filters.