Metal Recycling Association of India. Andheri East, Mumbai, Maharashtra

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World steel production has already crossed a billion tonnes per annum. In the last one decade, it was China due to which the world steel production increased rapidly and China accounted for 40-45% of the steel production. Now it is the turn of India to increase its steel production to a level of a least 200 Mtyr in the next decade. Increase in the production of coal based Sponge Iron (DRI) and its conversion to steel accounting is 25-30% of steel production. It is expected that sponge iron production continues to play a leading role in the growth of Indian steel industry. However, due to rising production worldwide, the demand for iron ore is also going to increase both in India and World over. Calibrated lump ore which is already scarce is going to be a weak link in the supply chain for increased production of steel. In the near future, only low grade iron ore fines are going to be available aplenty.

About 1.44 Mt of Nickel is produced worldwide every year. Of this total production, 0.35 Mt is recycled nickel, made from 4.5 Mt of scrap. The carbon footprint of Nickel using primary production is 90% higher than that of secondary smelting.

India imported 0.95 million tonnes of Non Ferrous Metal Scrap in 2013-14 and 1.1 million tonnes in 2014-15. The most commonly used non-ferrous metals are Aluminium, Copper, Lead, Zinc and precious metals. Millions of tonnes of Non ferrous scrap are recovered annually and used by smelters, refiners, ingot makers, foundries, and other manufacturers. Secondary materials are essential to the industry’s survival because even new metals often require the combined use of recycled materials.One third of Aluminium demand is supplied by secondary production.CO2 emissions are reduced by 92% when Aluminium scrap is used instead of bauxite.

Of a total worldwide Zinc production of 11.a Mt, 10.6 Mt was smelter Zinc in which 4.97 was categorized as either primary or secondary. The remaining 5.63 Mt (53%) was not differentiated. Production from secondary sources is estimated at 7.5% of the differentiated 4.97 Mt.Secondary production uses 76% less energy than primary

Freedom from dependence on coking coal.  Availability of non-coking coal and natural gas.  Short supply and high price of scrap.  Shorter gestation period and lower capital cost of DRI units as compared to Blast Furnace.  Eco Friendly  Advantage of using waste gas for generation of power  Economical integration with downstream facilities for steel making, continuous casting and rolling of finished products.  Affordable investment requirement for such mini steel plants, with forward integration of EIF and Rolling Mill.  Increasing demand for construction steel can be profitably produced from such mini steel plants.