Paz Jewels Andheri West, Mumbai, Maharashtra

We are engaged in Manufacturing, Exporting and Supplying of well processed Tanzanite Stone. Our Tanzanite Stone is free from all sorts of impurities and can be availed at market leading prices. Tanzanite & Fancy Zoisite Gemstones Source : Tanzania (Tanzanite), Kenya (Zoisite: Anyolite), Norway (Zoisite: Thulite) Birthstone : December (Alternate: Turquoise, Zircon) Tanzanite is a rare mineral only found in the Mererani, or 'Merelani hills' tanzanite mining area of Tanzania. Located in the Simanjiro district, the Merelani mining area is 16 kilometers south of the Kilimanjaro International Airport, and 70km south-east. To this day, the only source of Tanzanite in the world is this several square mile area in the Merelani Hills, and the limited supply makes Tanzanite 1,000 times rarer than Diamonds. Tanzanite is a blueish-purple gemstone variety of the mineral zoisite, named after Siegmund Zois, Baron von Edelstein (1747-1819). Zoisite is a calcium aluminium hydroxy sorosilicate belonging to the epidote group of minerals. Tanzanite can sometimes be mistaken for blue sapphire, but tanzanite can have very pronounced pleochroism, which reflects different colors from different angles. Pleochroism is an optical phenomenon due to the double refraction of light which is divided into two "polarized" paths at a 90° angle to each other. When viewed from the top or front, tanzanite's hue will appear blue to violet-blue, and when viewed from the back it will appear violet to bluish-purple. Tanzanite History This purple-blue variety of zoisite is a newly discovered gemstone who's name "Tanzanite" was established in 1968 by Henry Platt, the president of Tiffany & Co., after being introduced to the stone by John Saul of Swala Gem Traders in Tanzania. One year earlier on July 7th, 1967, an Arusha tailor named Manuel d'Souza (below, left - on left) was prospecting for gold in the region of Lake Victoria in Tanzania, when he discovered a transparent blue stone laying on the ground which he mistook for a sapphire. After testing the stone's hardness de Souza ruled out sapphire, and initially misidentified his discovery as the mineral olivine (peridot), and later as dumortierite. The correct identification of de Souza's discovery was soon made by Ian McCloud, a Tanzanian government geologist in Dodoma, with later confirmations from Harvard, the British Museum, and University of Heidelberg. Shortly after de Souza's discovery, he attempted to register his mining claim with the Tanzanian government Mines & Geology Department, but other prospectors had already registered zoisite mining claims before he gotten around to changing the name on his original claim registration. During this period another popular name for this variety of zoisite was "Skaiblu," a Swahili-language interpretation of the English term "Sky Blue." It is rumored that German and Swiss gemstone dealers were anxious for a new name for this gemstone because the German pronunciation of "zoisite" sounded too similar to the English word "suicide" The entire area soon became covered in mines, and d'Souza was unable to maintain control over his mining claim. In 1971, the Tanzanian government took control of the mines and turned them over to the State Mining Corporation in 1976. Masai legend is that cattle herders first noticed this stone some 30 years previously, after a brush-fire caused by lightning burned large areas of the plains at the base of Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. The herders noticed that brown Zoisite crystals had turned a deep blue-purple due to the heat from the fire. Tanzanite Mining in Mererani There are four actively mined tanzanite areas or 'blocks,' that are labeled A through D. The 'A block' and 'C block' were reserved for foreign investment, while B and D can be mined by ingenious locals. In 2005 a privately owned company named Tanzanite One Ltd. took control of Tanzania's largest tanzanite mine known as "C-Block" (above, right). The mine has already reached a depth of 1000 feet and there is growing concern that the supply of Tanzanite could be depleted in a few decades. The world's largest tanzanite crystal was found in TanzaniteOne's C-Block mine in 2005. The crystal weighed 16,839 carats and measured 22 cm at its widest point. Small-Scale (Wana-Apollo) Tanzanite Mining The world's largest tanzanite crystal was found in TanzaniteOne's C-Block mine in 2005. The crystal weighed 16,839 carats and measured 22 cm at it's widest point. There are 430 'plots' that can be mined in the remaining B and D blocks. These non-mechanized miners use daisy-chains of workers to hand excavate the mining shafts. Merelani Township is the tanzanite trading center for small-scale miners. Tanzanite (Zoisite) Chemistry & Physical Properties Crystal System - orthorhombicCrystal Habit - disphenoidal, bladedSpecific gravity (SG) - 3.35Mohs Hardness Scale - 6.0 to 6.5Toughness - fair to poorFracture - uneven to conchoidalCleavage - perfectStreak - whiteChemical Composition - Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH) Tanzanite (Zoisite) Optical Properties Optical Properties - doubly refractiveRefractive Index - 1.69 - 1.70Birefringence - 0.009Pleochroism - strong, dichroism or trichroism (depending on color) Surface Luster - vitreousDiaphaneity - transparent, translucentGem Color - blue, brown, gray, greenish-brown, purple, violet Tanzanite Color Tanzanite specimens that have a predominantly blue color can be more expensive than purplish-blue varieties, because these crystals tend to form with the blue color axis oriented along the width of the crystal as opposed to its length. Cut orientation is critical to take maximum advantage of the color. Blue tanzanite obtains its distinct violet-blue or lavender-blue coloration from trace amounts of vanadium. In Tanzania, zoisite typically occurs in colors ranging from gray, dirty white, dull greenish-brown, salmon pink and yellow. There is also a vivid green non-gem (opaque) variety of chrome tanzanite (chrome zoisite) that is colored by trace amounts of chromium, and a vivid pink (manganese pink) variety known commercially as "fancy zoisite." Unheated (left) & Heated Tanzanite (right) Fancy Zoisite Tanzanite. Fancy Zoisite & 'African Ruby' When left in their unheated form, zoisite can occur in a wide variety of colors - most of which are dull or uninteresting - but there are specimens that can have vivid pink, orange, green or yellow hues. Those fancy zoisites which have a suitably intense color for a cut gem are rare. A gemstone known as "African Ruby" is a type of Zoisite that is found with opaque ruby (corundum). African Ruby is typically not enhanced, and is used primarily for cabochons or in carvings and statuary. A higher amount of ruby color in the stone increases its value. Tanzanite Grading & Marketing The quality, and therefore value of cut tanzanite is judged based on a recognized set of criteria that has been established by the Tanzanite Foundation, and its proprietary Tanzanite Quality Scaleâ„¢ [6]. This scale is similar to the GIA's 4 C's criteria used to evaluate diamonds, but with a special emphasis on color - described as "vB or bV plus" indicating a predominance of either violetish-Blue, or bluish Violet hues. Color (vB or bV plus) E ExceptionalV VividI IntenseM ModerateL LightP Pale Clarity EC Eye CleanSI Slightly IncludedMI Moderately IncludedHI Heavily Included Cut ExcellentVery GoodGoodFair Note : If color intensity exceeds the Exceptional grade, the stone would be graded Exceptional+ The Tanzanite Foundation is a non-profit industry supported organization whose primary mission is to standardize marketing methods, promote ethical conduct within the industry, and to develop the tanzanite industry by growing demand and creating value for stakeholders. Tanzanite One Sight holders Tanzanite is the first colored gemstone in which both sales and distribution are controlled in the same manner that DeBeers has employed with diamonds. TanzaniteOne Trading is a Group subsidiary based in Arusha, which markets tanzanite by channeling it's supply and distribution through authorized Sightholders, using the 'preferred supply strategy.' Operating under the guidelines of the Tucson Tanzanite Protocols [5], TanzaniteOne purchases rough tanzanite from smaller miners, brokers and dealers, then directing the supply to their eight designated Sightholders (May 2009 listed below). The Tucson Tanzanite Protocol The establishment of the Tucson Tanzanite Protocol in 2002 was a proactive step within the jewelry industry to restore confidence in tanzanite, to protect the legitimacy of the gem's supply chain, and to foster economic development in all aspects of the gem trade within Tanzania. This came on the heels of a spokesman for the U.S. Department of State announcing that there was no evidence that al Qaeda or any other terrorist group was currently using tanzanite to finance terrorism. The protocol is a cooperative effort by the government of Tanzania and all of the major industry stakeholders, including miners (Arusha Regional Miners Association, Tanzanian Chamber of Mines), dealers (including the Tanzania Mineral Dealers Association), manufacturers, suppliers and retail jewelers. Industry groups included the American Gem Trade Association, the American Gem Society, the International Color Stone Association, Jewelers of America, the Jewelers Vigilance Committee, the Manufacturing Jewelers and Suppliers of America, the Indian Diamond and Colorstone Association, and the Jewelers Association of Jaipur. This is similar to the establishment of the Diamond High Council (HRD) trade organization in 1976, or the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) in 2000. The Kimberley Process was designed to prevent conflict diamonds from entering into the mainstream rough diamond market. Tanzanite Durability & Care Tanzanite has a distinct cleavage plane, and it is softer than quartz. This means that tanzanite is a stone which has a lower durability and is more prone to chipping than most traditional gemstones - especially when worn in exposed locations such as a ring. The stone's inherent cleavage can also present a threat to its structural integrity during setting. Additionally, tanzanite should never be expose to sudden changes in temperature or extreme heat from steam jewelry cleaners, as this could cause the stone to fracture. Tanzanite's cleavage also makes it susceptible to fracturing if cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaner. Avoid! Use a soft brush and warm soapy water to clean the stone, then pat dry with a soft absorbent cloth. Store your tanzanite jewelry in a protective pouch and/or keep it separated from other jewellery to avoid scratching or chipping the stone. Tanzanite Color Enhancement Most tanzanite is heated before it reaches the market. The natural color of tanzanite (the mineral zoisite), prior to the application of heat, is brown, bronze, grey, pink or yellow, which can be especially pronounced when observing the stone on its 'C' axis, or "salmon" (pink, grey, yellow) axis. The heating of tanzanite is considered to be a "legitimate" enhancement process within the gem trade. Synthetic or Simulant Tanzanite There is a new material on the gem market known as "Tanzanion" which is manufactured in Russian. Tanzanion is a laboratory-created pulled synthetic Forsterite that is a relatively convincing stimulant of Tanzanite. Tanzanion shares some of the physical and pleochroic properties of natural tanzanite, with a higher hardness of 7.0. Tanzanion has a refractive index of 1.635 to 1.670 and a specific gravity of 3.24. There is also a YAG simulated tanzanite that is a convincing substitute.

We are engaged in the manufacturing, exporting and supplying of silver bars. Our silver bars are high on demand in the market. like gold, silver is an attractive and valuable metal. Silver has been used for thousands of years to make coins, ornaments and jewellery. It has provided riches for many a civilization, including the ancient greeks, the romans, and the tang dynasty in china, the mediaeval saxons, and the spanish and portuguese in the 16th century. Today we tend to think of silver only as a source of objects such as cutlery, teapots and jewellery, but it actually has many other uses. In 1813 the first photographic image was made using silver nitrate, and today the main use for silver is in developing film - for graphs, movies and television. Imagine life without silver! properties silver is the best conductor of heat and electricity. Silver is strong. Silver is malleable and ductile (easily shaped and drawn into a wire). Silver can endure extreme temperature ranges. Silver is a very good reflector of light. Silver has the symbol ag (from the roman word argentum). Silver is harder than gold but softer than copper. Silver tarnishes easily, as you will see if you look at some neglected silverware. uses film : about 1/3rd of all silver produced is used in photographic film and paper (mostly as silver bromide), including print, tv, x-ray and video film. About 5000 color photos can be taken using only one ounce of silver. Electrical : as silver conducts electricity so well (and it also won't corrode and therefore overheat and cause fires) it is used for switches, contacts and fuses in almost all electrical appliances, from microwaves to dishwashers, tvs to pcs. A typical washing machine contains 16 silver contacts. Soldering : soldering (often with an alloy of silver, brass and zinc) and welding account for large quantities of silver usage, due to its strength and relatively high melting point. Defrosting : as silver conducts heat so well, it's used in car rear-window de-misting lines, transferring heat onto the window glass to clear it of frost. Jewellery and silverware : being malleable, ductile and attractive, silver has been used for jewellery and other ornamental pieces since before roman times. Often it is mixed with copper (7.5%) to make a tougher alloy called 'sterling silver'. Because silver is the most reflective material known, it is used in mirrors.

We are engaged in the Manufacturing, Exporting and Supplying of premium Sapphire Stone for our valuable clients. Our Sapphire Stone is thoroughly processed to ensure their high quality and finish. Sapphire (Corundum) Gemstones Source : Australia, Madagascar, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, USA Birthstone : September (Alternate: Lapis) The name "sapphire" (saphir French or German, zafir Spanish, zaffiro Italian) was originally derived from Greek "sappheiros," as well as the Sanskrit Kuruvinda "sanipruja" meaning "hard stone," and the Hebrew word "sappir" meaning "gem." The biblical "Acts of the Apostles" referred to Sapphira, a woman who was executed for lying to the Holy Ghost. Sapphire (Corundum) Composition Sapphire belongs to the same "aluminium oxide" (alumina) mineral family (corundum) as ruby, but sapphire is far more abundant due to the larger occurrence of its chromium, iron, and titanium coloring agents. Sapphire colors range from canary yellow to blue, brown, gray, green, orange, pink, purple, and colorless. Sapphire corundum has no cleavage planes, but does have a conchoidal fracture, and can be parted more easily in certain directions. Corundum's crystal habit forms into six-sided barrel-shaped crystals that taper into pyramid terminations (diagram, below). Sapphire Inclusions Most sapphires contain inclusions which are visible to the naked eye or under low under magnification. These inclusions may appear as clouds, feathers, veils (below, left), silk fibers, or rutile needles, and may resemble an internal fingerprint impression in clearer stones. Sapphire Veil Inclusion - 330 carat 'Star of Asia' Sapphire Star Sapphire (Asterism) Certain varieties of sapphire can exhibit a six-pointed "star" or "asteriated" effect (above, right) from light reflections bouncing off of microscopic needle-shaped rutile crystals (also referred to in the ruby trade as "silk") which intersect at 60¡ angles. Star sapphires are semi-transparent to opaque, and the star effect is more apparent when a cabochon cut is used for the stone. Sapphire (Corundum) Chemistry & Physical Properties Crystal System - trigonalCrystal Habit 1 - bipyramidal, prismatic, rhombohedral crystalsCrystal Habit 2 - granular, massive, tabularTwinning - polysyntheticSpecific gravity (SG) - 3.95 to 4.10Mohs Hardness Scale - 9Toughness - excellentFracture - conchoidal to unevenCleavage - none (parting in 3 directions) Streak - whiteChemical Composition - Al2O3 Sapphire (Corundum) Optical Properties Optical Properties - doubly refractive (asterism in 'star sapphire') Refractive Index - 1.760 to 1.778Birefringence - 0.008 Pleochroism - strongSurface Luster - adamantine to vitreousDiaphaneity - transparent to opaqueGem Color - colorless, blue, brown, gray, orange, pink, purple, yellow Color Grading of Blue Sapphire Sapphire gemstone color-grading is broken into three quantifiable categories: intensity (saturation), hue (color), and tone (lightness/darkness). The GIA specifies thirty-one individual gemstone hues. Relating to sapphire, terms such as "blue," "slightly greenish blue," "very slightly greenish blue" are used to describe color tendencies. The color-grading nomenclature also specifies six levels of saturation ranging from "grayish" (neutral grey) to "moderately strong" to "vivid," and nine levels of tone ranging from "very light" to "very dark." A numerical value is assigned to each label for use in a gemstone color grading report. The most desirable blue sapphire color is an intense, pure, and primary blue with a slight hint of violet and very little of the gray or green color components. For a blue sapphire to receive a perfect '10' quality rating it would have a "violetish/blue" hue, with a 6 or "medium dark" tone, and 6 or "vivid" color saturation level. Specific color grades of blue sapphire are commonly refers to as: Ceylon Blue, Cornflower Blue, Electric Blue, Kashmir Blue, Royal Blue, Sky Blue, Velvet Blue, and Violet Blue. High-quality Kashmir, velvet-blue and Cornflower-blue sapphires will maintain their color and intensity under a variety of lighting conditions from bright sunlight to dim artificial light. Color Zoning in Sapphire Most sapphire will exhibit moderate to strong color-zoning, caused by growth layers as the crystal is formed, however, sapphire from Burma may have very uniform color with little or no color zoning. Sapphire color-zoning may appear as concentric hexagonal rings (below, left), that run parallel to the prismatic outer facets of the rough crystal. Skilled gem-cutters will insure that the faceted stone has some color in the culet to enhance the color when viewed through the table and crown. From the side however, these stones will have little color. Sapphire Mining The world's oldest sapphire mines are situated in Ceylon (Sri Lanka), and Kashmir (India and Pakistan). Sapphire deposits typically occur within metamorphic rock and pegmatite occurrences, or in gem-bearing, or "gemmiferous" gravels that are found along river-beds and ancient alluvial secondary deposits. These river gravels may also contain ruby, spinel, quartz, and zircon. Mining is typically a non-mechanized small scale operation involving several workers who dig a small pit around four feet deep, excavating the gravels with woven baskets. The material is then washed (sifted) using a circular woven sieve made of thin strips of bamboo. Kashmir Sapphire Historically, the finest sapphire in the world had originated from India's northwestern region of Kashmir, along the Pakistani/Indian boarder in the western Himalayas. The Kashmir region was famous for its blue sapphires which exhibited an intense, vivid blue hue that came to be known as "Kashmir blue" The 422.99 carat 'Logan Sapphire' from Sri Lanka - The Hall Sapphire Necklace by Harry Winston The Kashmir region's sapphire deposits were mined extensively during a brief decade-long period in the late 1800's, after a earthquake-induced landslide unearthed a large deposit, but the region was fully depleted by the early 1900's, and Kashmir is no longer a significant source for sapphire. This fact adds significant value to any stone that is positively identified as a true Kashmir sapphire. Thai & Burmese Mogok Sapphire Second only to Kashmir in quality and mystique, some of the world's most valuable sapphire, ruby and spinel has been found within the Mogok Stone Tract situated along the high-altitude Mogok Valley, about 175 km northeast of Mandalay, in Myanmar (Burma). The name "Mogok" is derived from the Burmese term "bamar moegokesetwaing" or "horizon." Within the 4,800 square-kilometer area that comprises the Mogok Valley, there are over 1,000 ruby and sapphire mines. In 1972 the world's largest sapphire, at 63,000 carats, was found in Mogkok. Thai Sapphire Market Burmese sapphire mining operations are conducted by state-owned mining enterprises such as Myanmar Gems Enterprise (MGE) and Myanmar Economic Holdings (MEH). During the early 1990s, the Thai border town of Mae Sai was the main transit-point for illegally smuggled Mogkok sapphires and rubies, but by 1995 the Myanmar government had slowed down smuggling operations, and Burmese sapphire is now in scarce supply. Rough Alluvial Sapphire - Myanmar Sapphire Mine. Myanmar's former capital city of Yangon (Rangoon) is now the officially sanctioned gem-trading capital within Myanmar. Notable ruby and sapphire mines within Burma are MGE's Yadana Kadeikada, Linyaung Chi, and Shwe Pyi Aye gem mines, all near Kyaukpyattha Village in central Mogok. Sapphire mining within Thailand occurs primarily within the Chanthaburi and Trat provinces, located in the southeastern part of the country bordering Cambodia, and near the northern boarder with Myanmar in the province of Kanchanaburi. Chanthaburi is known for its prized yellow sapphire called "Mekong Whisky," which has a golden brownish-yellow to orange hue. Sapphire Mining in Sri Lanka Sapphire from Sri Lanka (Ceylon) has supplemented the declining supply emanating from Myanmar and Thailand in recent decades. Sri Lanka is known for producing the highest quantity of larger, 100+ carat stones in the world. Yellow sapphire from Sri Lanka is called "pushparaga" in Singhalese ("pukhraj" in Hindi), and can be comparable in value to the finest Mogok sapphire. Pushparaga, also known as "Oriental topaz" or "hyacinth" has a golden or honey yellow color with brownish secondary hues that resembles actual topaz (pushkaraj). 115k Yellow Ceylon 'Pushparaga' Sapphire - Zoom - Bubblegum-Pink & Hot-Pink Ceylon Sapphire There is also a very rare orange-pink or red-orange Sri Lankan variety called "padparadscha sapphire" which can be as valuable as diamond. The principle mining area of Sri Lanka is situated around Ratnapura ("City of Gems") 60 miles southeast of Colombo. Ceylon yellow sapphires display a pure canary-yellow, brownish-yellow compared to other varieties of yellow sapphire which can have greenish overtones. Australian Sapphire The Central Highlands and Gemfields regions of Queensland, Australia have also produced some of the finer specimens of greenish-yellow, golden, green, orange, and blue sapphire, as well as the unusual "parti-colored," or multi-colored sapphires which are marbled with hues of blue, green and yellow. Australian 'Parti' Sapphire from Queensland - Zoom: Rutile Needle Inclusion in Sapphire Australia's largest sapphire mines are the underground Bedford Hill, Normans Hill and Scrub Lead mines, located in Rubyvale Township, Gemfields. In Australia, freelance prospecting, called "fossicking," is a popular vocation, and each year in early August, Fossickers from around Queensland attend the Festival of Gems "Gemfest" which celebrates the region's mining heritage. Sapphire Mining in Madagascar & Tanzania With the decline in production of Burmese and Thai sapphire, southeastern Africa and the island of Madagascar have become major new sources for sapphire within the last 40 years. Madagascar sapphire is found in the Andranondambo and Ilakaka mining regions in the southern part of the island. Rough sapphire from Androy, Madagascar - Bracelet showing sapphire color range A unique reddish-pink to mandarin-orange sapphire was discovered in Tanzania's Umba Valley during the 1960s. This variety was found in the Gerevi Hills and Lelatema Mountains north of the Umba River, in the Arusha Region of Tanzania. The Tundouro mine in Tanzania also produces a yellow sapphire with a distinctive greenish-yellow color.

We are specialized in the Manufacturing, Exporting and Supplying of highly lustrous Ruby Stones for our clients. Finely processed and treated, our Ruby Stones are high on demand in the market. Ruby (Corundum) Gemstones Source : Afghanistan, Burma (Myanmar), Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Thailand Birthstone : July The name "ruby" (rubis French, rubin German, rubino Spanish or Italian) is Latin for 'red.' The fiery red color of ruby was thought to be caused by an inextinguishable flame, lit from within the stone. Rubies were celebrated in the Bible, and in ancient Sanskrit writings as being the most precious of all gemstones, and ruby was also known as the "stone of Kings." Corundum ruby from Longido, Tanzania - Burmese ruby from Mogok Some of the finest rubies in the world are mined in Myanmar (Burma) and Thailand, but within Southeast Asia they are also found in Cambodia and Vietnam. Other significant sources for rubies outside of Southeast Asia include Kenya, Afghanistan (Jagdalek, Jagdalak, or Jagdalik), Madagascar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania. Rubies belong to the same aluminium oxide mineral family (corundum) as sapphire, and are both the hardest and toughest gems in the world after diamond. They are formed by intense heat and pressure, deep within limestone rich in clay. The primary occurrence of ruby is found within metamorphic rock and volcanic igneous rock or basalt, and secondarily alluvial deposits. Corundum becomes a ruby when it has trace amounts of the chromophore chromic (III) oxide (chromium). It is this allochromatic coloration that gives ruby its highly saturated, deep red color. When iron and titanium are the principle chromophores in corundum it becomes sapphire. The below Image is zoom 3X Magnification & 10X Magnification respectively. Corundum becomes a ruby when it has trace amounts of the chromophore chromic (III) oxide (chromium). It is this allochromatic coloration that gives ruby its highly saturated, deep red color. When iron and titanium are the principle chromophores in corundum it becomes sapphire. Ruby Color : Hue, Saturation and Tone With ruby, as is the case with most other colored gemstones, color (as defined by hue, saturation and tone) is the single most important factor in determining value. When describing the color of ruby, the hue is divided into primary, secondary and possibly tertiary hues, with the most important primary hue being pure red. Ruby rough from Sri Lanka - 138.7 carat Rosser Reeves Ruby, Sri Lanka There can be a wide range of secondary hues from orange, pink, purple, and even violet. Of these secondary hues purple is the preferable as it tends to strengthen/deepen the primary red hue, as with Burmese pigeon's blood ruby from the Mogok region of Myanmar. Color Zoning & Pleochroism in Ruby Color zoning is a phenomenon caused by overlapping growth layers as the corundum crystal is formed. These layers create distinct areas of color that appear as concentric hexagonal "zones" which are parallel to the prismatic crystal faces. Mšng Hsu rubies tend to have a distinct dark blue hexagonal zone that is visible in the center of the stone. Ruby can display strong pleochroism when viewing the specimen from different angles, causing the gem to appear as either a deep red, or a yellowish-red. Ruby (Corundum) Chemistry & Physical Properties Crystal System - trigonalCrystal Habit 1 - bipyramidal, prismatic, rhombohedral crystalsCrystal Habit 2 - granular, massive, tabularTwinning - polysyntheticSpecific gravity (SG) - 3.95 to 4.10Mohs Hardness Scale - 9Toughness - excellentFracture - conchoidal to unevenCleavage - none (parting in 3 directions) Streak - whiteChemical Composition - BeAl2O3 Ruby (Corundum) Optical Properties Optical Properties - doubly refractive (asterism in 'star sapphire') Refractive Index - 1.760 to 1.778Birefringence - 0.008Pleochroism - strongSurface Luster - adamantine to vitreousDiaphaneity - transparent to sub-translucentGem Color - red, brown, bluish-red, orange, reddish-blue Rutile (Silk) Inclusions in Star Ruby Rubies can be transparent to totally opaque, and both ruby and sapphire can exhibit a six-pointed "star" or "asteriated" effect which is caused by incident light reflecting off of microscopic, needle-shaped rutile crystals. These rutile needles have the appearance of silk fibers, and when they intersect at 60¡ angles they create the star pattern that prompted the name "star ruby" or star sapphire." 16.21 carat 'Star of Katandru' ruby from Sri Lanka - Synthetic 'Carmen L�cia' ruby by Chatam Gems Star rubies are typically semi-transparent to translucent or even opaque, and the star effect is most apparent when a cabochon cut is used for the stone. Rubies are commonly subjected to artificial enhancements such as heat-treating, fracture-filling, and flux-healing to improve color and repair both fractures, and inclusions. Burmese ruby rough in rock matrix - Tanzanian ruby in rock matrix Ruby Misnomers In the past, especially the distant past, there was a tendency within the gem trade of naming, or misnaming, gems by color association, or geographic association, rather than by their correct mineral species. A classic example it the terms "Burmese" or "Burma ruby," and "Siam ruby," which are simultaneously used to describe color, and/or origin. It should be noted that the red color of ruby can vary within each individual deposit; therefore it is not possible to determine the source-area based solely on the color/hue/saturation.

We are counted amongst the prominent Manufacturers, Exporters and Suppliers of premium Gold Bars. These Gold bards are free from all sorts of impurities and available at affordable prices. Gold has a very special place in human history. It has been treasured since ancient times and was the first metal used by humans, with simple gold ornaments among the earliest known metal objects. In early times, alchemists would spend their entire lives trying to turn other metals into precious gold! Gold has changed where and how people live. Many towns have been developed by the wealth from mining gold. There are also many 'ghost towns' - when the gold supply ran out, people simply deserted the area. Gold has also featured in many myths and legends. King Midas, King Soloman, and Jason and the Argonauts were all legendary gold seekers! Even fairytales often mention golden objects such as eggs or harps, and most people have heard of the golden pot at the end of the rainbow. Even today, achievements are rewarded by gold medals, and we associate the word gold with greatness - as in 'golden rules' or 'good as gold'. Gold has always been, and still is, a very important metal. Its rarity and unique properties make it one of the most prized and useful metals. Gold is known to mankind for more than six thousand years. Gold is known as a noble metal. The appeal of Gold is universal across humankind. Wars have been fought and empires have been toppled for Gold. Gold is a global currency. Gold has formed the backbone of global economic activities as a reserve currency over the last several centuries. Gold is the most liquid asset known to mankind and is en-cashable in any form, at anytime, anywhere in the world. Gold has unique properties and does not react with any natural element thus making it virtually indestructible. Gold is one of the most malleable and ductile metal. Gold is the most suitable metal for human adornment and gold has been the most favorite metal for jewellery fabrication among the jewelers. Gold has a rich history and finds a place in most of the religions across the world. Gold is known as an international hedge and has stood by human beings in times of crisis. Gold is inseparable from human past, present and future. Properties Gold is the only yellow metal, and it is usually found in natureas a native metal. Gold is shiny and will not rust or stain. Gold conducts electricity and has a high melting point. Gold is about 19 times heavier than water which means it is nearly twice as dense as lead. Gold is malleable and ductile - one ounce can be beaten into a see-through thin sheet of nine square metres or drawn out into a wire 80 kilometres long! Gold has the symbol Au. Gold is soft and scratches easily. Gold can be recycled mostly into jewellery and electronic components. Uses Money : Gold has been used as coins since early times, but very few coins are made from gold today. More than half the world's gold is stored by governments and banks. One kilogram of gold is worth about $15 000, although the price of gold varies from day to day. Jewellery : Although pure gold (24 carat gold) is rarely used as it is too soft, gold is often mixed (alloyed) with other metals such as copper, silver or nickel for jewellery (18 carat gold means 18 parts gold and 6 parts other metals). Decoration : As gold can be rolled very thin and is durable, it's often used to coat metal or glass objects. Small sheets of 'gold leaf' are also often used for decorative letters, gilding book edges and picture frames, and to coat religious statues. Electronics : As it conducts electricity and is ductile, gold is used for wiring in computers - from digital radios to microwaves, from telephone systems to rocket launchers! Gold is very useful for wiring that is difficult to repair, such as under water and in outer space, because it does not corrode or wear out quickly.

Our clients can avail high quality Emerald Stone, which is Manufactured, Exported and Supplied by us. We consider client satisfaction as priority and to assure this, we provide these high quality Emerald Stones at affordable price range. Gemstones : Emerald (Beryl) Source : Afghanistan, Brazil, Canada (Regal Ridge), Columbia, Madagascar, Pakistan, Zambia Birthstone : May The name "Emerald" (French: Emeraude, German: Smaragd, Spanish: Esmeralda) comes from the Greek word smaragdos; a name that was given to several gemstone minerals having little in common chemically, but sharing a similar bluish-green color. An emerald is a form of Beryl, a mineral group that includes aquamarine and Morganite. Emerald's leaf-green color is partially due to allochromatic coloration from trace amounts of chromium (Cr) and vanadium (V) impurities. Emerald is transparent to translucent member of the beryl family of minerals (aquamarine, morganite, goshenite, red beryl), and is typically associated with igneous rock. Emerald is a cyclosilicate of beryllium and aluminium, and owes its green color to chromium and vanadium, along with other trace coloring agents which include beryllium (berillium) (Be) aluminum silicate and iron (Fe). Heaxagonal Prism Flat & Beryl Crystal habit Many varieties of emerald have a leaf-green to yellowish-green hue, but Columbian emeralds form Muzo and Chivor have a particularly intense greenish hue with a bluish-green overtones, which makes their color very difficult to capture in photographic images. Emerald Inclusions : Jardin Emerald is one of the most difficult gemstones to cut because of the many fluid inclusions found in rough crystals which can make them very brittle. These multiphase inclusions are like fingerprints and can reveal the geographic location of their origin. The French refer to the large number of inclusions in the stone as "jardin," or "garden," because they can resemble plant foliage. These inclusions can be two-phase tubes that run parallel to the c-axis, or two to three-phase secondary healed fractures or basal cleavages. Emeralds with many inclusions should be treated with care and be protected from direct blows to the stone. Oils are commonly used to fill-in the fissures (see "emerald enhancements" below). The extreme rarity of transparent, inclusion-free emeralds can make them more valuable than diamonds. Emerald (Beryl) Crystallography, Chemistry, Physical Properties Crystal System - hexagonal Crystal Habit - hexagonal prism, pincoid terminationsSpecific gravity (SG) - 2.67 to 2.78Mohs Hardness Scale - 7.5 to 8.0Toughness - fair to poor Fracture - conchoidal Cleavage - poor, basal Streak - white Chemical Composition - Al2Be3[Si6O18] Emerald (Beryl) Optical Properties Optical Properties - double refraction Refractive Index - 1.576 - 1.583Birefringence - 0.005 - 0.009 Pleochroism - distinct (w=yellowish-green, e=green) Surface Luster - vitreousDiaphaneity - transparent to opaque Gem Color - green, bluish-green, greenish-blue, yellowish-green Ancient Egyptian Emerald Mining The ancient Egyptian, Babylonian, Roman and Byzantine cultures obtained their emeralds from the Sikair-Zubara (Sikait-Zabara) region in the eastern part of Upper Egypt, near the Red Sea town of Berenice. This emerald-mining region became known as the Mons Smaragdus or 'Emerald Mountains" and after the conquest of Alexander the Great, and was also referred to as the "Cleopatra Mines" in latter years. Cleopatra Mines in Egypt : Sikair-Zubara The Egyptian mines may have been worked as early as 1800 BC, but most likely were at peak production during the Ptolemaic period from 330 BC to 30 BC. The first mines to be re-discovered were at Gebel Zabara, uncovered on an expedition by French mineralogist F. Cailliaud, in 1816. Sikait was identified two years later. The Wadi Gimal and Wadi Sikait mines are adjacent to the ancient roman mining villages of Nugrus and Sikkait. Colombian Emerald - The Gemstones of 'El Dorado' - Colombia: Chivor, Coscuez, Muzo & Trapiche Emeralds Dating back as far as 10,000 BC, tribes of hunter-gatherers traded with one another along the Magdalena River Valley, in what is now northern Colombia. The Chibchas, Cañaris and Muisca peoples of the Boyacá and Cundinamarca highlands were one of the first pre-Columbian civilizations to settle along the tropical Magdalena Valley, ruled by the two kings, Zipa (of the south, near Bogotá) and Zaque (of Hunza in the north). Tales of riches from the mythical kingdom of El Dorado, meaning the "golden one" or "gilded man" (aka: el indio dorado or "the golden Indian," el rey dorado or "the golden king") drove Spanish Conquistadors like Hernando Cortés, Francisco Pizarro, and Sebastian de Belalcazar to explore, and ultimately conquer this region in the early 1500s. Map of Boyacá Mines : Laguna de Guatavita (c. 1860) Belalcazar's legendary tales of Cañaris and Muisca kings being coated with "sticky earth," then painted with gold dust and emeralds; or of emeralds and gold being thrown into Laguna de Guatavita (above and below, right) as a sacrafice to the gods, were enough motivation to find the source for such wealth. Although Laguna de Guatavita is located in the modern-day municipality of Sesquilé, Colombia, the "golden city" of El Dorado is believed to have been either the Incan city of Coricancha (meaning "Golden Courtyard") in modern-day Cusco, Peru, or at the location of the Incan city of Tomipamba, which later became the Colonial city of Cuenca ( Santa Ana de los cuatro ríos de Cuenca), in Azuay Province, Ecuador. Wherever the actual location of El Dorado may have been, the quest for its ultimate riches, and the source location for the Guilded Man's emeralds would elude the Spaniards for decades. The native Muisca Indians had carefully concealed the openings to their underground resting place, allowing the jungle to obliterate any remaining evidence of their whereabouts. Even torture was employed, but to no avail [5]. In 1555 however, the emerald mines of Muzo were finally uncovered. In 1580, Conquistador Antonio de Sepulvada even attempted to drain Guatavita (located in Sesquilé, Cundinamarca) by cutting a channel in one side of the crater-lake's rim, in order to salvage the imagined treasures that lay at its bottom. During this period, offerings of gold, and an emerald the size of a "hen's egg," were recovered from the shallower edges of the lake. The Spanish spent the next 200 hundred years plundering the wealth of the Boyacá highlands, undeterred until the early 1800s. The Spanish colonial territories of Viceroyalty and New Granada became the independent nation of Colombia in 1810, under the leadership of Simón Bolívar. Emerald Mining in Colombia's 'Emerald Belt' Colombian emeralds are located in an area known as the 'Emerald Belt' (Cinturon Esmeraldífero). This area is in the sedimentary basin of the Cordillera Oriental mountain range in the Gobernación de Boyacá and Cundinamarca districts, at the base of the Andes Mountains. The Spanish Inquisition Necklace - Muzo Emerald Necklace Indian emeralds, with their distinct bluish hue, were found near Ajmer and Udaipur in north-western Rajasthan State. The Mughals of India, including the builder of the Taj Mahal, Shah Jahan, loved emeralds so much they inscribed them with sacred text and wore them as talismans. These sacred stones were called Mughal emeralds. Cordillera Oriental emeralds were created by hydro-thermal activity generated from the forces that created the Andes mountain range. Columbian emeralds tend to have more inclusions which are fairly light (jardin). The color tends to be darker than emeralds from other locations. The principle mining areas in Colombia are the Somondoco and Muzo mining regions northeast of the capital of Bogota. The richest emerald mines in the Muzo region are the Muzo Mine, Cosquez Mine, and Pena Blanca Mine. The Muzo Mackay Emerald Necklace - The Gachala Emerald from Muzo, Colombia One of the largest emeralds ever recorded was the 218 carat tablet-cut rectangular "Mogul Emerald," possibly belonging to the last great Mogul ruler of India, Emperor Aurangzeb from the late 1600s. The 858 carat "Gachala Emerald" (above, right), from the Vega de San Juan mine in Gachalá (municipio de Cundinamarca), is one of the largest emeralds found to date. It was unearthed in 1967, and donated to the Smithsonian Institution by Harry Winston. Muzo, Coscuez & Chivor Colombian Emeralds At the north-western end of the Colombian emerald-belt, mining is conducted in three districts: Coscuez, Muzo, and Quipama. Emerald from the Muzo region is mined under the control of the 'Sociedad de Mineros Boyancences,' with many of the mines (Cortes) being worked by unauthorized miners (guaqueros). Muzo emeralds are known for their characteristically leaf-green color called "Muzo Green." Notable mines in the Muzo/Coscuez region are the Yacopi mines and Peña Blanca (Peñas Blanca) deposits. At the south-eastern end of the emerald-belt, the Gachalá and Chivor region is mined mostly by private companies, and the Chivor stones have a bluish-green color similar to those mined in Zambia. Notable mines in the Chivor region are the Chivor, Matacana, Vega de San Juan, and Gachalá Mines. Trapiche Emeralds A very rare variety of emerald known as "Trapiche" (above), found at the Muzo, Chivor, Cosquez and Peña Blanca mines, has distinct carbonaceous shale inclusions that radiate from a hexagonal center point in a six-spoked star pattern. The name "Trapiché" (tra-pee-chee) comes from a type of wheel that is used to grind sugarcane in Colombia. Characteristics of Muzo Emeralds Typically, the transparency of Muzo emeralds is higher than emeralds from other regions, primarily due to due the lower volume of inclusions. Muzo emeralds tend to have a deeper, "herbaceous" green color. Muzo emeralds tend to have three-phase inclusions which contain fluid, gas vapor, as well as included crystals of calcite, halide, and yellow-brown rutile needles of parisite. Canadian Emerald Canadian emeralds were first discovered in 1998, in the 'Regal Ridge' area of the Yukon. Confirmation of the find at the University of British Columbia (UBC) created a 'emerald rush' to the area by several prominent mining companies. The first emeralds were found by Bill Wengzynowski, a prospector for Expatriate Resources in Vancouver. Although the color of the stones is considered to be exceptional, it is yet to been determined if mining in the area will be commercially feasible. In 2003 preliminary exploration of Regal Ridge was begun by True North Gems Inc., who is also investigating areas of Ontario. The Yukon property is now known as "Tsa da Glisza," located in the Finlayson mining district of the Yukon Territory, Canada. Tsa da Glisza is situated on a high alpine ridge of the Pelly Mountain range. Emerald Enhancements & Treatments Clarity enhancement and surface treatment of emeralds using glycerin, Canada balsam oil, cedar wood oil or clove oil impregnation is practiced universally. The only way to confirm that an emerald hasn't been oil treated is if the cut stone has no fractures at the surface for oil to enter into the stone. If an emerald is cleaned in an ultrasonic or steam cleaner the oil can leach out of the fractures. This will make the surfacing inclusions appear more obvious. If this occurs, the emerald can be re-oiled to fill in the fractures. Fractures can also be filled with Opticon Fracture Sealer which is an epoxy resin. Due to the typically high amount of inclusions within the stone, emerald has a lower durability than other varieties of beryl such as aquamarine. When an emerald is set in a ring with a prong setting extra care should be used. Emerald Simulants & Soude Emerald Simulated emeralds (simulants) made of glass or quartz are doublets or triplets with a transparent layer of green gelatin sandwiched between. These simulants are known as "soude emerald." A Chelsea Filter is used to differentiate and identify natural emeralds from simulants by isolating the chromium found in real emeralds, although some older soude emeralds may appear as red or pink. Synthetic Emerald Synthetic emerald was developed by Caltech graduate, Carroll Chatham in 1939. Synthetic emerald is created using the Flux-Growth, and Lechleitner Synthetic Overgrowth (hydro-thermal) methods and is sold under the trade names Chatham Created Gems and Gilson. Synthetic emerald can be identified by its characteristic inclusions. Initially, the only way to distinguish a Chatham emerald from a natural emerald was to heat the stone to the point where the natural stone would shatter due to moisture contained within the inclusions. Synthetic Emerald has a refractive index of 1.561.

Paz Jewels is one of the prominent Manufacturers and Exporters of Diamonds. Diamonds are a girl̢۪s best friend! Our clients can avail different varieties of diamonds from us. The story of diamonds is, to use the metaphor, a tale of fire and "ice." Forged through immense heat and pressure over millions, or hundreds of millions of years, diamonds start their humble existence as simple, elemental carbon; the basic building block. Diamonds are both elemental, and complex. As such, there is a lot of technical jargon associated with them. Shopping for a diamond can be very confusing to the newbie, but we have endeavored to make it as simple and interesting as humanly possible. The History of Diamonds Before the Medieval era Diamonds were worn rough, or cut and polished only on their upper surfaces. It was in this form that diamonds used to ornament temples, goblets, reliquaries, and crowns. The history of cutting Diamonds dates back to the beginning of the 1400's in Paris. Diamonds became popular in jewelry and from this time the history of diamonds accelerated and many famous diamonds were cut. The following history timeline of diamonds details important dates relating to famous diamonds and the history of diamonds. Basic Characteristics of Diamonds The 4 C's Diamond Grading System: CutCarat - WeightClarityColor

Paz Jewels is one of the prominent Manufacturers and Exporters of Diamonds. Diamonds are a girl̢۪s best friend! Our clients can avail different varieties of diamonds from us. The story of diamonds is, to use the metaphor, a tale of fire and "ice." Forged through immense heat and pressure over millions, or hundreds of millions of years, diamonds start their humble existence as simple, elemental carbon; the basic building block. Diamonds are both elemental, and complex. As such, there is a lot of technical jargon associated with them. Shopping for a diamond can be very confusing to the newbie, but we have endeavored to make it as simple and interesting as humanly possible. The History of Diamonds Before the Medieval era Diamonds were worn rough, or cut and polished only on their upper surfaces. It was in this form that diamonds used to ornament temples, goblets, reliquaries, and crowns. The history of cutting Diamonds dates back to the beginning of the 1400's in Paris. Diamonds became popular in jewelry and from this time the history of diamonds accelerated and many famous diamonds were cut. The following history timeline of diamonds details important dates relating to famous diamonds and the history of diamonds. Basic Characteristics of Diamonds The 4 C's Diamond Grading System: CutCarat - WeightClarityColor

Paz Jewels is one of the prominent Manufacturers and Exporters of Diamonds. Diamonds are a girl̢۪s best friend! Our clients can avail different varieties of diamonds from us. The story of diamonds is, to use the metaphor, a tale of fire and "ice." Forged through immense heat and pressure over millions, or hundreds of millions of years, diamonds start their humble existence as simple, elemental carbon; the basic building block. Diamonds are both elemental, and complex. As such, there is a lot of technical jargon associated with them. Shopping for a diamond can be very confusing to the newbie, but we have endeavored to make it as simple and interesting as humanly possible. The History of Diamonds Before the Medieval era Diamonds were worn rough, or cut and polished only on their upper surfaces. It was in this form that diamonds used to ornament temples, goblets, reliquaries, and crowns. The history of cutting Diamonds dates back to the beginning of the 1400's in Paris. Diamonds became popular in jewelry and from this time the history of diamonds accelerated and many famous diamonds were cut. The following history timeline of diamonds details important dates relating to famous diamonds and the history of diamonds. Basic Characteristics of Diamonds The 4 C's Diamond Grading System: CutCarat - WeightClarityColor

Paz Jewels is one of the prominent Manufacturers and Exporters of Diamonds. Diamonds are a girl̢۪s best friend! Our clients can avail different varieties of diamonds from us. The story of diamonds is, to use the metaphor, a tale of fire and "ice." Forged through immense heat and pressure over millions, or hundreds of millions of years, diamonds start their humble existence as simple, elemental carbon; the basic building block. Diamonds are both elemental, and complex. As such, there is a lot of technical jargon associated with them. Shopping for a diamond can be very confusing to the newbie, but we have endeavored to make it as simple and interesting as humanly possible. The History of Diamonds Before the Medieval era Diamonds were worn rough, or cut and polished only on their upper surfaces. It was in this form that diamonds used to ornament temples, goblets, reliquaries, and crowns. The history of cutting Diamonds dates back to the beginning of the 1400's in Paris. Diamonds became popular in jewelry and from this time the history of diamonds accelerated and many famous diamonds were cut. The following history timeline of diamonds details important dates relating to famous diamonds and the history of diamonds. Basic Characteristics of Diamonds The 4 C's Diamond Grading System: CutCarat - WeightClarityColor

Paz Jewels is one of the prominent Manufacturers and Exporters of Diamonds. Diamonds are a girl̢۪s best friend! Our clients can avail different varieties of diamonds from us. The story of diamonds is, to use the metaphor, a tale of fire and "ice." Forged through immense heat and pressure over millions, or hundreds of millions of years, diamonds start their humble existence as simple, elemental carbon; the basic building block. Diamonds are both elemental, and complex. As such, there is a lot of technical jargon associated with them. Shopping for a diamond can be very confusing to the newbie, but we have endeavored to make it as simple and interesting as humanly possible. The History of Diamonds Before the Medieval era Diamonds were worn rough, or cut and polished only on their upper surfaces. It was in this form that diamonds used to ornament temples, goblets, reliquaries, and crowns. The history of cutting Diamonds dates back to the beginning of the 1400's in Paris. Diamonds became popular in jewelry and from this time the history of diamonds accelerated and many famous diamonds were cut. The following history timeline of diamonds details important dates relating to famous diamonds and the history of diamonds. Basic Characteristics of Diamonds The 4 C's Diamond Grading System: CutCarat - WeightClarityColor

Paz Jewels is one of the prominent Manufacturers and Exporters of Diamonds. Diamonds are a girl̢۪s best friend! Our clients can avail different varieties of diamonds from us. The story of diamonds is, to use the metaphor, a tale of fire and "ice." Forged through immense heat and pressure over millions, or hundreds of millions of years, diamonds start their humble existence as simple, elemental carbon; the basic building block. Diamonds are both elemental, and complex. As such, there is a lot of technical jargon associated with them. Shopping for a diamond can be very confusing to the newbie, but we have endeavored to make it as simple and interesting as humanly possible. The History of Diamonds Before the Medieval era Diamonds were worn rough, or cut and polished only on their upper surfaces. It was in this form that diamonds used to ornament temples, goblets, reliquaries, and crowns. The history of cutting Diamonds dates back to the beginning of the 1400's in Paris. Diamonds became popular in jewelry and from this time the history of diamonds accelerated and many famous diamonds were cut. The following history timeline of diamonds details important dates relating to famous diamonds and the history of diamonds. Basic Characteristics of Diamonds The 4 C's Diamond Grading System: CutCarat - WeightClarityColor

Paz Jewels is one of the prominent Manufacturers and Exporters of Diamonds. Diamonds are a girl̢۪s best friend! Our clients can avail different varieties of diamonds from us. The story of diamonds is, to use the metaphor, a tale of fire and "ice." Forged through immense heat and pressure over millions, or hundreds of millions of years, diamonds start their humble existence as simple, elemental carbon; the basic building block. Diamonds are both elemental, and complex. As such, there is a lot of technical jargon associated with them. Shopping for a diamond can be very confusing to the newbie, but we have endeavored to make it as simple and interesting as humanly possible. The History of Diamonds Before the Medieval era Diamonds were worn rough, or cut and polished only on their upper surfaces. It was in this form that diamonds used to ornament temples, goblets, reliquaries, and crowns. The history of cutting Diamonds dates back to the beginning of the 1400's in Paris. Diamonds became popular in jewelry and from this time the history of diamonds accelerated and many famous diamonds were cut. The following history timeline of diamonds details important dates relating to famous diamonds and the history of diamonds. Basic Characteristics of Diamonds The 4 C's Diamond Grading System: CutCarat - WeightClarityColor

We are amongst the prominent Manufacturers, Importers and Suppliers of Aquamarine Stone. Our Aquamarine Stone is finely treated to assure maximum satisfaction of our valuable clients. Gemstones : Aquamarine Source : Brazil, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Russia, Tanzania, Uruguay, USA, Zambia Birthstone : March (alternate: bloodstone, diopside, or green jasper) The name "aquamarine" (aquamarin German, aqua marina Spanish) is derived from the Latin phrase "water of the sea," named for its greenish-blue seawater color. Aquamarine (or aqua beryl) develops in granite pegmatites and certain types of metamorphic rock. It occurs in conjunction with quartz, microcline, muscovite, and almandine in metamorphic pegmatite. Most aquamarine comes from the pegmatites of Minas Gerais Brazil, where crystals weighing several pounds have been found. Aquamarine is transparent to translucent member of the beryl family of minerals (emerald, morganite, heliodor), and is a cyclosilicate that is made up of beryllium (Be), aluminium silicate, sodium (Na), lithium (Li), and cesium (Cs). Beryl has become an important source for the element Berillium (Be), a metal with a variety of commercial and military uses, such as in the manufacturing light-weight metal alloys. Aquamarine crystal in situ Aquamarine's turquoise-blue color is due to the presence of ferrous iron atoms and the presence of ferric iron causes a yellow tint. A yellow, greenish-yellow or golden beryl from Brazil is sometimes referred to as "aquamarine chrysolite," although the correct name for this variety of beryl is heliodor. Pale greenish-blue sapphire, which is a mineral variety of corundum - not beryl, is sometimes referred to as "Oriental aquamarine." Aquamarine crystal is generally vertically striated or grooved and pleochroism is distinct in deeply colored crystals. Occasionally, some specimens of aquamarine display chatoyancy. Aquamarine has imperfect cleavage which runs parallel to the basal pinaco Aquamarine (Beryl) Crystallography, Chemistry, Physical Properties Crystal System - hexagonalCrystal Habit - prismatic, parallel and elongatedSpecific gravity (SG) - 2.67 to 2.75Mohs Hardness Scale - 7.5 to 8.0Toughness - goodFracture - conchoidalCleavage - imperfectStreak - whiteChemical Composition - Be3Al3[SiO3]6 Aquamarine (Beryl) Optical Properties Optical Properties - double refractiveRefractive Index - 1.565 to 1.580Birefringence - .005 - .009Pleochroism - weak to moderateSurface Luster - vitreousDiaphaneity - transparent, translucentGem Color - blue, greenish-blue, yellowish-brown, yellowish-green Santa Maria Aquamarine from Brazil Perhaps the largest aquamarine ever found was the 552,500 carat Papamel Aquamarine, found in 1910 at the Batadal mine near the village of Ponto de Marambaia, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. One of the larger near-flawless aquamarine crystals ever found was the "Dom Pedro aquamarine" found in 1993 in Minas Gerais, and weighing 10,395 carats (24,875 grams). Brazil's principal aquamarine region begins about 75 miles north of Rio de Janeiro and includes the areas of Arujá, Conselheiro Pena, Governador Valadares, Jequitinhonha River basin, Pedra Azul, Salinas, and Teófilo Otoni. The town of Teofilo Otoni in Minas Gerais is a major Brazilian gem-trading center known for its aquamarine. Some of the highest quality specimens of brilliant blue "Santa Maria" aquamarine come from the Santa Maria de Itabira Mine. Aquamarine from africa that has the same intense blue color is called "Santa Maria Afrique." Principal aquamarine mines in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais are the Batadal Mine, Papamel Mine, Santa Maria de Itabira. Brazilian aquamarine with a paler blue color are referred to as "Esperito Santo" for the state of the same name. Aquamarine Inclusions Due to aquamarine's pale color and typically high transparency it is relatively easy to see any inclusions that are present within the stone with the Magnification of 3X & 10X respectively. Aquamarine Enhancements Most Aquamarine on the market today is heat treated to bring out the greenish-blue color that is characteristic of the stone. Yellowish-brown or yellowish-green stones are heated to 400 to 450 degrees Celsius to bring out a deep blue color. The resulting color change of the aquamarine is permanent and the treatment is difficult to detect. Synthetic blue spinel is easy and inexpensive to produce, and is often mistakenly sold as "synthetic aquamarine."

Avail from us Alexandrite Stone which is known for its premium quality and shine. These Alexandrite Stones are Manufactured, Exported and Supplied by us and are finely processed to provide high quality appeal. Source : Brazil, Burma, India, Madagascar, Russia, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe Birthstone : June (Alternate: Moonstone, Pearl) The ultra-rare gemstone "Alexandrite" (aka Tsarstone or Czarstone) can trace its name back to the day of the stone's alleged discovery on April 29, 1834, the same day that a young Russian named Alexander Nikolaevich II (soon to be Czar Alexander II - reigned 1855 to 1881) had his "coming of age" sixteenth birthday. Alexandrite was reportedly discovered along the banks of the Tokovaya River, at the Izumrudnye Kopi and Malyshev emerald mines of Yekaterinburg (aka Ekaterinburg or Sverdlovsk) [2], which are situated along the eastern slopes of the Ural Mountains in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. Alexandrite was first identified as a variety of chrysoberyl by a Finnish mineralogist named Nils Gustaf Nordenskjöld in 1834, naming it "Diaphanite" for its unusual ability to "change" color [4]. Several years later, the stone was officially renamed "Alexandrite," either by Alexander Nikolaevich himself, or possibly by Lev Aleksevich von Perovski (1792—1856) who was a Russian nobleman, mineralogist and a Minister of Internal Affairs under Nicholas I. Alexandrite is a variety of the mineral chrysoberyl (a cyclosilicate), which is an aluminate of beryllium. Chrysoberyl is usually transparent to translucent, and is sometimes chatoyant (cat's eye effect). Alexandrite typically occurs within mica schists, (pegmatites) or within their secondary alluvial deposits. Alexandrite has a tabular, striated, and/or prismatic crystal habit, forming pseudo-hexagonal or cyclic ("iron cross" and "cog wheel") crystal twinning. This mercurial gemstone has a unique ability to "change color" due to an optical phenomenon known as pseudochromatic coloration; caused by the way in which different color temperatures of ambient light are absorbed within the crystal. Due to the unusual way in which alexandrite absorbs certain elements of the color spectrum, it can look greenish-bluish-grey in daylight (cool, "emerald" color), and reddish-purple or 'raspberry red' under artificial light (warm, "ruby" color). On a molecular level, Alexandrite's characteristic green-to-red color change results from small-scale replacement of alumina by chromium oxide. Alexandrite rough : Malyshev Emerald Mine, Russia - Brazilian Alexandrite. This rare variety of chrysoberyl also exhibits strong pleochroism, and being a member of the orthorhombic crystal system, Alexandrite (and chrysoberyl) can exhibit up to three unique colors (trichroism). The "trichroic" effect of orthorhombic, as well as monoclinic and triclinic minerals, is not directly related to Alexandrite's unique ability to appear as a totally different colored stone in differing spectrums of ambient light. Pseudo - Hexonal Crystal Habit Natural alexandrite is very rare, and the finest alexandrite crystals ever found have come from Russia's Tokovaya river deposit. The greatest Alexandrite specimen ever found is housed in Moscow's Fersman Mineralogical Museum. Alexandrite (Chrysoberyl) Crystallography, Chemistry, Physical Properties Crystal System - orthorhombicCrystal Habit - tabular, striated, prismaticSpecific gravity (SG) - 3.60 to 3.84Mohs Hardness Scale - 8.5Toughness - goodFracture - conchoidal to unevenCleavage - distinct {011} perfect, indistinct {010}, poor {100}Streak - whiteChemical Composition - BeAl2O4 Alexandrite (Chrysoberyl) Optical PropertiesOptical Properties - double refractive, sometimes chatoyantRefractive Index - 1.745Birefringence - 0.008 - 0.011Pleochroism - strong (X= red-purple, Y= orange, Z= green) Surface Luster - vitreous to greasyDiaphaneity - transparent, translucent, subtranslucentGem Color - brown, green, greenish-yellow, reddish-purple, yellow Brazilian & Indian Alexandrite Brazilian Alexandrite occurs in pegmatites surrounding the mining towns of Novo Cruzeiro and Nova Era, in the Minas Gerais region of Brazil. The color of most Brazilian alexandrite does not shift to the green end of the spectrum as much as Russian alexandrite, although there have been recent discoveries at Nova Era that produce a more pronounced color-shift. These Nova Era stones tend to be small specimens that can be heavily occluded. Other sources have been the Narsipatnam and Vishakhapatnam mines.(Vishnakahaputnam), within the Vishakhapatnam District of the Andhra Pradesh state in central-eastern India. The Vishakhapatmam mines were closed after the 2004 tsunami. Purple Brazilian Alexandrite ~ Rough Alexandrite - Takovaya, Ekaterinburg, Russia There are also Alexandrite mines in the Deobhog region (Samunda) in the state of Chhattisgarh (Chattisgarh), north of Andhra Pradesh. Madagascar and Tanzania are also sources for Alexandrite. Due to its extreme rarity, quality specimens of Indian or Brazilian Alexandrite can sell for several thousand dollars per carat. Synthetic Alexandrite Natural Alexandrite is very rare. Most alexandrine found on the market today is synthetic. From the late 1800s, synthetic alexandrine was made using corundum which had been treated with vanadium to give it the characteristic color-change effect. Since the early 1970s, true synthetic alexandrite has been produced by using the "flux-melt", "floating point", "floating zone", and "pulled crystal" methods. There are characteristic "rain-like" inclusions in synthetic alexandrite that help with its identification. Most synthetic alexandrite is produced in Japan and Russia.

Give yourself a traditional and elegant look with our Designer Jewellery. Designer Jewellery is trend-conscious and keeps on changing as per changing needs. For those who are open to experimentation with new and unusual designs, shapes and colors, costume jewelry offers plethora of choices. Rather than using precious ingredients, like gold, silver, platinum and white gold, Designer Jewellery designers use inexpensive products, like jute, leather, peppier mache, bakelite plastic, wood, bone, stone, oxidized metal, horn, lac, terracotta, etc. Designer Jewellery is almost like an imitation of real jewelry and has been considered cheaper copy of the latter. It is widely available and is pretty light-weight, which forms one of its USP also. The process of making costume jewellery is such that its look deceives for original and authentic version. In place of precious stones, artificial stones, such as cubic zirconia and rhinestones, are used. Such jewelry is available in several colors and looks very attractive. At the same time, it's readily available and has economical prices. In India also, the concept of Designer Jewellery is very much prevalent, especially amongst the college going teenagers. Since the prices are cheap, they can get a wide variety and also keep up with the changing fashion. Indian Designer Jewellery industry is growing in quantum, patronized mainly by the youngsters. Following are the most popular products forming a part of the costume jewelry of India. Spiral bangles and ringsGlass beads, strung on nylonChunky tribal jewelrySurgical steel jewelryOrnaments with symbols and messagesCharm jewelry, such as mood rings, charm bracelets and othersTattoo jewelryChandelier earringsSterling silver jewelry, studded with artificial stonesAbstract jewelryBody piercing jewelry

Give yourself a unique and elegant look with our Designer Diamond Jewellery with cool, eye popping Diamond Necklaces, Diamond Earrings, Diamond Rings, Diamond Bracelets, Diamond Pendants, Solitaire Rings, Solitaire Earring, Chandelier Earring and other type of jewellery. Diamond jewellery can help you sparkle like the star. We are counted amongst the prominent Manufacturers, Exporters and Supplier of Designer Diamond Jewellery. The trend of Designer Diamond Jewellery keeps on changing as per changing tastes of fashion conscious people. For those who are open to experimentation with new and unusual designs, shapes and colors, costume jewellery offers plethora of choices. Designer Jewellery Tradition of adoring oneself with jewellery is 5000 years old in India. Indian women and jewellery have always formed a great combination. The tradition is still alive and time has made it only more vigorous than earlier. The art of making beautiful ornaments, with delicacy and acumen, has been developed throughout the historical times. Rulers and feudal gave patronage to art and artists, to develop the same to optimum. There is jewellery for almost all the body parts, including neck, ear, nose, arms, ankles, fingers, waist, hair parting, etc. In India, jewellery is designed to match with the attire. The theme of its design as well as the color of the jewellery is taken into consideration while adoring. To make jewellery more attractive, it is topped by diamonds and various types of gems. Traditionally, Indian jewellery has been made of heavy and voluminous gold pieces, but recently jewellery made of silver, platinum and other metals has become quite popular among people. The popularity of jewellery made of stone, encrusted on metal, has grown more recently. In the following lines, we will tell you about the different kinds of jewellery in India. Gold jewellery is the most popular among South Indian women. In southern part of India, gold is considered auspicious and a status symbol. Talking about the art on gold jewellery, Kundan is something that comes into our mind. It is a Mughal-inspired art of setting precious stones like diamonds, rubies, and emeralds in gold and silver jewellery. In Meenakari, enameling is done to protect gold and floral pattern coloured in red, blue and green attracts the attention. Silver jewellery is not far behind in popularity, particularly because of its affordability, making it popular among low income group people. Jhumka, hansli, chokar, nath and bracelets made of silver are quite popular among women in India. In short, the range of jewellery in India is wide as well as varied. Be it gold, silver of diamond, you will find everything in the country. Indians have been using jewellery for adornment since centuries. The significance of jewellery in the country is evident from the fact that on many auspicious occasions, jewellery forms a part of gifts. Though the trend of men adoring themselves has now faded away, many of them still use earrings, bracelets, pedants, etc. However, it is the Indian women for whom jewellery holds utmost significance. In India, jewellery is considered auspicious for women. Even poorest of poor women will have some kind of jewellery with them. Jewellery has not only been considered for the purpose of adoration, but also as a security in times of contingency. This is because it is often expensive and can be sold whenever there is dire need of money. This way, jewellery also serves the purpose of insurance, which can be depended upon. Jewellery forms the important part of adoration among Indian women. To accentuate their feminine beauty, they use jewellery made of gold, silver and diamonds. Traditionally, jewellery has always been linked with wealth, power and status. History of Indian jewellery is as old as the history of the country itself. Around 5000 years ago, the desire to adorn themselves aroused in people, leading to the origin of jewellery. Since then, Indian women and jewellery have gone hand in hand. There cannot be a woman in India, who does not adore herself with minimum jewellery. In fact, jewellery is considered as security and prestige of women in the country. The attraction for jewellery has been great in India that it is no more a craft than an art. Indian jewellery is unique in its design and workmanship. In all kinds of traditional dance forms, jewellery has been a significant part. Be it Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi or Kathak, all have given importance to jewellery in presenting the artist. The sheer number of items forming the jewellery of an Indian woman is numerous, ranging from earrings and necklaces to pieces for adorning the hair, hip, feet, and feet. Jewellery made with emeralds, diamonds, pearls, rubies, sapphires and other precious and semi-precious stones have been in practice for long. The range of jewellery in India varies from religious to purely aesthetic types. It is crafted not only for humans, but also for the Gods, ceremonial elephants and horses. Royal class people have given patronage to the art of jewellery since ancient times, when rajas and maharajas vied with each other to possess the most exquisite and magnificent pieces. Regional differences can be observed in the making of jewellery, depending on the differences in geography, people, culture, and their lifestyle. While the designs in solid gold jewellery of Tamil Nadu and Kerala are inspired by nature, the Meenakari and Kundan styles of jewellery making have been influenced by the Mughal dynasty. Then there is a huge range of silver beads found all over India, especially in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh. Their availability lead to the development of the bead jewellery, popular till date. While Assamese jewellery is influenced by local flora and fauna, Manipuri jewellery-makers make use of items like shells, animal claws, teeth and precious and semi-precious stones. These huge varieties of ornaments bear testimony to the excellent skill of the jewelers and craftspeople of the country. Indian jewellery in Gold, diamonds, silver, sterling silver, precious stones and semi-precious stones is a rage all over the world. Talking about the significance of jewellery in the life of women in India, they are gifted jewellery in different phases of life such as, at birth, at coming of age, in marriage, on becoming a mother, etc. Certain ornaments, such as mangalsutra, nath (nose ring) and toe rings, quintessential for married Indian women. From the practice of generations, these gifts are still continuing without any abruption. Jewellery gifted to women at the time of her marriage is called 'stridhan' i.e. wealth of women, which in short is symbol of wealth, power and femininity. Jewellery design is so versatile in India that it varies from state to state. If some jewellery is so much popular in one state, it might not necessarily be popular in another state. However, some basic jewellery is common among all the women across India. Bridal jewellery like maangtika, earrings, nose rings, necklace, mangalsutra, bangles, etc make up basic jewellery which adorn women in India. Incidentally, even today, gold is the metal most widely used for bridal ornaments and over the last decade, these are increasingly being studded with diamonds. Types of Jewellery Antique JewelleryBead JewelleryCustom JewelleryFashion JewellerySpiral bangles and ringsGlass beads, strung on nylonChunky tribal jewellerySurgical steel jewelleryOrnaments with symbols and messagesCharm jewellery, such as mood rings, charm bracelets and others./li>Chandelier earringsSterling silver jewellery, studded with artificial stonesAbstract jewelleryBody piercing jewelleryFiligree JewelleryGold JewellerySilver JewelleryStone - Elegant JewelleryPachchikam JewelleryNavratna Jewellery In Navratna jewellery, nine auspicious stones are used in a single ornament. The belief behind this is that the nine stones together ensure well being of the person who wears it. In India, Navratna jewellery has been given major importance, because of its astrological significance as well as its innate charm. The nine stones used in the jewellery diamond, ruby, emerald, coral, pearl, sapphire, garnet, topaz, and cat's eye. As it is believed in astrology, each planet watches over one of the nine gems and offer power. Shukra is the planet for the diamond, Sun for ruby, Saturn for sapphire, Rahu for garnet, Ketu for cat's eye, Moon for pearl, Guru for topaz, Buddh for emerald and Angaraha for coral. Navratna jewellery can be set in rings that are mounted, So that the stones touch to the skin. The weight of the stones is decided according to the individual's astrological chart. In the following lines, we tell you about the significance of using the nine jewels Meenakari JewelleryKundan JewelleryHandmade jewellery

Give yourself a unique and elegant look with our Designer Diamond Jewellery with cool, eye popping Diamond Necklaces, Diamond Earrings, Diamond Rings, Diamond Bracelets, Diamond Pendants, Solitaire Rings, Solitaire Earring, Chandelier Earring and other type of jewellery. Diamond jewellery can help you sparkle like the star. We are counted amongst the prominent Manufacturers, Exporters and Supplier of Designer Diamond Jewellery. The trend of Designer Diamond Jewellery keeps on changing as per changing tastes of fashion conscious people. For those who are open to experimentation with new and unusual designs, shapes and colors, costume jewellery offers plethora of choices. Designer Jewellery Tradition of adoring oneself with jewellery is 5000 years old in India. Indian women and jewellery have always formed a great combination. The tradition is still alive and time has made it only more vigorous than earlier. The art of making beautiful ornaments, with delicacy and acumen, has been developed throughout the historical times. Rulers and feudal gave patronage to art and artists, to develop the same to optimum. There is jewellery for almost all the body parts, including neck, ear, nose, arms, ankles, fingers, waist, hair parting, etc. In India, jewellery is designed to match with the attire. The theme of its design as well as the color of the jewellery is taken into consideration while adoring. To make jewellery more attractive, it is topped by diamonds and various types of gems. Traditionally, Indian jewellery has been made of heavy and voluminous gold pieces, but recently jewellery made of silver, platinum and other metals has become quite popular among people. The popularity of jewellery made of stone, encrusted on metal, has grown more recently. In the following lines, we will tell you about the different kinds of jewellery in India. Gold jewellery is the most popular among South Indian women. In southern part of India, gold is considered auspicious and a status symbol. Talking about the art on gold jewellery, Kundan is something that comes into our mind. It is a Mughal-inspired art of setting precious stones like diamonds, rubies, and emeralds in gold and silver jewellery. In Meenakari, enameling is done to protect gold and floral pattern coloured in red, blue and green attracts the attention. Silver jewellery is not far behind in popularity, particularly because of its affordability, making it popular among low income group people. Jhumka, hansli, chokar, nath and bracelets made of silver are quite popular among women in India. In short, the range of jewellery in India is wide as well as varied. Be it gold, silver of diamond, you will find everything in the country. Indians have been using jewellery for adornment since centuries. The significance of jewellery in the country is evident from the fact that on many auspicious occasions, jewellery forms a part of gifts. Though the trend of men adoring themselves has now faded away, many of them still use earrings, bracelets, pedants, etc. However, it is the Indian women for whom jewellery holds utmost significance. In India, jewellery is considered auspicious for women. Even poorest of poor women will have some kind of jewellery with them. Jewellery has not only been considered for the purpose of adoration, but also as a security in times of contingency. This is because it is often expensive and can be sold whenever there is dire need of money. This way, jewellery also serves the purpose of insurance, which can be depended upon. Jewellery forms the important part of adoration among Indian women. To accentuate their feminine beauty, they use jewellery made of gold, silver and diamonds. Traditionally, jewellery has always been linked with wealth, power and status. History of Indian jewellery is as old as the history of the country itself. Around 5000 years ago, the desire to adorn themselves aroused in people, leading to the origin of jewellery. Since then, Indian women and jewellery have gone hand in hand. There cannot be a woman in India, who does not adore herself with minimum jewellery. In fact, jewellery is considered as security and prestige of women in the country. The attraction for jewellery has been great in India that it is no more a craft than an art. Indian jewellery is unique in its design and workmanship. In all kinds of traditional dance forms, jewellery has been a significant part. Be it Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi or Kathak, all have given importance to jewellery in presenting the artist. The sheer number of items forming the jewellery of an Indian woman is numerous, ranging from earrings and necklaces to pieces for adorning the hair, hip, feet, and feet. Jewellery made with emeralds, diamonds, pearls, rubies, sapphires and other precious and semi-precious stones have been in practice for long. The range of jewellery in India varies from religious to purely aesthetic types. It is crafted not only for humans, but also for the Gods, ceremonial elephants and horses. Royal class people have given patronage to the art of jewellery since ancient times, when rajas and maharajas vied with each other to possess the most exquisite and magnificent pieces. Regional differences can be observed in the making of jewellery, depending on the differences in geography, people, culture, and their lifestyle. While the designs in solid gold jewellery of Tamil Nadu and Kerala are inspired by nature, the Meenakari and Kundan styles of jewellery making have been influenced by the Mughal dynasty. Then there is a huge range of silver beads found all over India, especially in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh. Their availability lead to the development of the bead jewellery, popular till date. While Assamese jewellery is influenced by local flora and fauna, Manipuri jewellery-makers make use of items like shells, animal claws, teeth and precious and semi-precious stones. These huge varieties of ornaments bear testimony to the excellent skill of the jewelers and craftspeople of the country. Indian jewellery in Gold, diamonds, silver, sterling silver, precious stones and semi-precious stones is a rage all over the world. Talking about the significance of jewellery in the life of women in India, they are gifted jewellery in different phases of life such as, at birth, at coming of age, in marriage, on becoming a mother, etc. Certain ornaments, such as mangalsutra, nath (nose ring) and toe rings, quintessential for married Indian women. From the practice of generations, these gifts are still continuing without any abruption. Jewellery gifted to women at the time of her marriage is called 'stridhan' i.e. wealth of women, which in short is symbol of wealth, power and femininity. Jewellery design is so versatile in India that it varies from state to state. If some jewellery is so much popular in one state, it might not necessarily be popular in another state. However, some basic jewellery is common among all the women across India. Bridal jewellery like maangtika, earrings, nose rings, necklace, mangalsutra, bangles, etc make up basic jewellery which adorn women in India. Incidentally, even today, gold is the metal most widely used for bridal ornaments and over the last decade, these are increasingly being studded with diamonds. Types of Jewellery Antique JewelleryBead JewelleryCustom JewelleryFashion JewellerySpiral bangles and ringsGlass beads, strung on nylonChunky tribal jewellerySurgical steel jewelleryOrnaments with symbols and messagesCharm jewellery, such as mood rings, charm bracelets and others./li>Chandelier earringsSterling silver jewellery, studded with artificial stonesAbstract jewelleryBody piercing jewelleryFiligree JewelleryGold JewellerySilver JewelleryStone - Elegant JewelleryPachchikam JewelleryNavratna Jewellery In Navratna jewellery, nine auspicious stones are used in a single ornament. The belief behind this is that the nine stones together ensure well being of the person who wears it. In India, Navratna jewellery has been given major importance, because of its astrological significance as well as its innate charm. The nine stones used in the jewellery diamond, ruby, emerald, coral, pearl, sapphire, garnet, topaz, and cat's eye. As it is believed in astrology, each planet watches over one of the nine gems and offer power. Shukra is the planet for the diamond, Sun for ruby, Saturn for sapphire, Rahu for garnet, Ketu for cat's eye, Moon for pearl, Guru for topaz, Buddh for emerald and Angaraha for coral. Navratna jewellery can be set in rings that are mounted, So that the stones touch to the skin. The weight of the stones is decided according to the individual's astrological chart. In the following lines, we tell you about the significance of using the nine jewels Meenakari JewelleryKundan JewelleryHandmade jewellery

Give yourself a unique and elegant look with our Designer Diamond Jewellery with cool, eye popping Diamond Necklaces, Diamond Earrings, Diamond Rings, Diamond Bracelets, Diamond Pendants, Solitaire Rings, Solitaire Earring, Chandelier Earring and other type of jewellery. Diamond jewellery can help you sparkle like the star. We are counted amongst the prominent Manufacturers, Exporters and Supplier of Designer Diamond Jewellery. The trend of Designer Diamond Jewellery keeps on changing as per changing tastes of fashion conscious people. For those who are open to experimentation with new and unusual designs, shapes and colors, costume jewellery offers plethora of choices. Designer Jewellery Tradition of adoring oneself with jewellery is 5000 years old in India. Indian women and jewellery have always formed a great combination. The tradition is still alive and time has made it only more vigorous than earlier. The art of making beautiful ornaments, with delicacy and acumen, has been developed throughout the historical times. Rulers and feudal gave patronage to art and artists, to develop the same to optimum. There is jewellery for almost all the body parts, including neck, ear, nose, arms, ankles, fingers, waist, hair parting, etc. In India, jewellery is designed to match with the attire. The theme of its design as well as the color of the jewellery is taken into consideration while adoring. To make jewellery more attractive, it is topped by diamonds and various types of gems. Traditionally, Indian jewellery has been made of heavy and voluminous gold pieces, but recently jewellery made of silver, platinum and other metals has become quite popular among people. The popularity of jewellery made of stone, encrusted on metal, has grown more recently. In the following lines, we will tell you about the different kinds of jewellery in India. Gold jewellery is the most popular among South Indian women. In southern part of India, gold is considered auspicious and a status symbol. Talking about the art on gold jewellery, Kundan is something that comes into our mind. It is a Mughal-inspired art of setting precious stones like diamonds, rubies, and emeralds in gold and silver jewellery. In Meenakari, enameling is done to protect gold and floral pattern coloured in red, blue and green attracts the attention. Silver jewellery is not far behind in popularity, particularly because of its affordability, making it popular among low income group people. Jhumka, hansli, chokar, nath and bracelets made of silver are quite popular among women in India. In short, the range of jewellery in India is wide as well as varied. Be it gold, silver of diamond, you will find everything in the country. Indians have been using jewellery for adornment since centuries. The significance of jewellery in the country is evident from the fact that on many auspicious occasions, jewellery forms a part of gifts. Though the trend of men adoring themselves has now faded away, many of them still use earrings, bracelets, pedants, etc. However, it is the Indian women for whom jewellery holds utmost significance. In India, jewellery is considered auspicious for women. Even poorest of poor women will have some kind of jewellery with them. Jewellery has not only been considered for the purpose of adoration, but also as a security in times of contingency. This is because it is often expensive and can be sold whenever there is dire need of money. This way, jewellery also serves the purpose of insurance, which can be depended upon. Jewellery forms the important part of adoration among Indian women. To accentuate their feminine beauty, they use jewellery made of gold, silver and diamonds. Traditionally, jewellery has always been linked with wealth, power and status. History of Indian jewellery is as old as the history of the country itself. Around 5000 years ago, the desire to adorn themselves aroused in people, leading to the origin of jewellery. Since then, Indian women and jewellery have gone hand in hand. There cannot be a woman in India, who does not adore herself with minimum jewellery. In fact, jewellery is considered as security and prestige of women in the country. The attraction for jewellery has been great in India that it is no more a craft than an art. Indian jewellery is unique in its design and workmanship. In all kinds of traditional dance forms, jewellery has been a significant part. Be it Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi or Kathak, all have given importance to jewellery in presenting the artist. The sheer number of items forming the jewellery of an Indian woman is numerous, ranging from earrings and necklaces to pieces for adorning the hair, hip, feet, and feet. Jewellery made with emeralds, diamonds, pearls, rubies, sapphires and other precious and semi-precious stones have been in practice for long. The range of jewellery in India varies from religious to purely aesthetic types. It is crafted not only for humans, but also for the Gods, ceremonial elephants and horses. Royal class people have given patronage to the art of jewellery since ancient times, when rajas and maharajas vied with each other to possess the most exquisite and magnificent pieces. Regional differences can be observed in the making of jewellery, depending on the differences in geography, people, culture, and their lifestyle. While the designs in solid gold jewellery of Tamil Nadu and Kerala are inspired by nature, the Meenakari and Kundan styles of jewellery making have been influenced by the Mughal dynasty. Then there is a huge range of silver beads found all over India, especially in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh. Their availability lead to the development of the bead jewellery, popular till date. While Assamese jewellery is influenced by local flora and fauna, Manipuri jewellery-makers make use of items like shells, animal claws, teeth and precious and semi-precious stones. These huge varieties of ornaments bear testimony to the excellent skill of the jewelers and craftspeople of the country. Indian jewellery in Gold, diamonds, silver, sterling silver, precious stones and semi-precious stones is a rage all over the world. Talking about the significance of jewellery in the life of women in India, they are gifted jewellery in different phases of life such as, at birth, at coming of age, in marriage, on becoming a mother, etc. Certain ornaments, such as mangalsutra, nath (nose ring) and toe rings, quintessential for married Indian women. From the practice of generations, these gifts are still continuing without any abruption. Jewellery gifted to women at the time of her marriage is called 'stridhan' i.e. wealth of women, which in short is symbol of wealth, power and femininity. Jewellery design is so versatile in India that it varies from state to state. If some jewellery is so much popular in one state, it might not necessarily be popular in another state. However, some basic jewellery is common among all the women across India. Bridal jewellery like maangtika, earrings, nose rings, necklace, mangalsutra, bangles, etc make up basic jewellery which adorn women in India. Incidentally, even today, gold is the metal most widely used for bridal ornaments and over the last decade, these are increasingly being studded with diamonds. Types of Jewellery Antique Jewellery Bead Jewellery Custom Jewellery Fashion Jewellery Spiral bangles and rings Glass beads, strung on nylon Chunky tribal jewellery Surgical steel jewellery Ornaments with symbols and messages Charm jewellery, such as mood rings, charm bracelets and others./li> Chandelier earrings Sterling silver jewellery, studded with artificial stones Abstract jewellery Body piercing jewellery Filigree Jewellery Gold Jewellery Silver Jewellery Stone - Elegant Jewellery Pachchikam Jewellery Navratna Jewellery In Navratna jewellery, nine auspicious stones are used in a single ornament. The belief behind this is that the nine stones together ensure well being of the person who wears it. In India, Navratna jewellery has been given major importance, because of its astrological significance as well as its innate charm. The nine stones used in the jewellery diamond, ruby, emerald, coral, pearl, sapphire, garnet, topaz, and cat's eye. As it is believed in astrology, each planet watches over one of the nine gems and offer power. Shukra is the planet for the diamond, Sun for ruby, Saturn for sapphire, Rahu for garnet, Ketu for cat's eye, Moon for pearl, Guru for topaz, Buddh for emerald and Angaraha for coral. Navratna jewellery can be set in rings that are mounted, So that the stones touch to the skin. The weight of the stones is decided according to the individual's astrological chart. In the following lines, we tell you about the significance of using the nine jewels Meenakari Jewellery Kundan Jewellery Handmade jewellery

Give yourself a unique and elegant look with our Designer Diamond Jewellery with cool, eye popping Diamond Necklaces, Diamond Earrings, Diamond Rings, Diamond Bracelets, Diamond Pendants, Solitaire Rings, Solitaire Earring, Chandelier Earring and other type of jewellery. Diamond jewellery can help you sparkle like the star. We are counted amongst the prominent Manufacturers, Exporters and Supplier of Designer Diamond Jewellery. The trend of Designer Diamond Jewellery keeps on changing as per changing tastes of fashion conscious people. For those who are open to experimentation with new and unusual designs, shapes and colors, costume jewellery offers plethora of choices. Designer Jewellery Tradition of adoring oneself with jewellery is 5000 years old in India. Indian women and jewellery have always formed a great combination. The tradition is still alive and time has made it only more vigorous than earlier. The art of making beautiful ornaments, with delicacy and acumen, has been developed throughout the historical times. Rulers and feudal gave patronage to art and artists, to develop the same to optimum. There is jewellery for almost all the body parts, including neck, ear, nose, arms, ankles, fingers, waist, hair parting, etc. In India, jewellery is designed to match with the attire. The theme of its design as well as the color of the jewellery is taken into consideration while adoring. To make jewellery more attractive, it is topped by diamonds and various types of gems. Traditionally, Indian jewellery has been made of heavy and voluminous gold pieces, but recently jewellery made of silver, platinum and other metals has become quite popular among people. The popularity of jewellery made of stone, encrusted on metal, has grown more recently. In the following lines, we will tell you about the different kinds of jewellery in India. Gold jewellery is the most popular among South Indian women. In southern part of India, gold is considered auspicious and a status symbol. Talking about the art on gold jewellery, Kundan is something that comes into our mind. It is a Mughal-inspired art of setting precious stones like diamonds, rubies, and emeralds in gold and silver jewellery. In Meenakari, enameling is done to protect gold and floral pattern coloured in red, blue and green attracts the attention. Silver jewellery is not far behind in popularity, particularly because of its affordability, making it popular among low income group people. Jhumka, hansli, chokar, nath and bracelets made of silver are quite popular among women in India. In short, the range of jewellery in India is wide as well as varied. Be it gold, silver of diamond, you will find everything in the country. Indians have been using jewellery for adornment since centuries. The significance of jewellery in the country is evident from the fact that on many auspicious occasions, jewellery forms a part of gifts. Though the trend of men adoring themselves has now faded away, many of them still use earrings, bracelets, pedants, etc. However, it is the Indian women for whom jewellery holds utmost significance. In India, jewellery is considered auspicious for women. Even poorest of poor women will have some kind of jewellery with them. Jewellery has not only been considered for the purpose of adoration, but also as a security in times of contingency. This is because it is often expensive and can be sold whenever there is dire need of money. This way, jewellery also serves the purpose of insurance, which can be depended upon. Jewellery forms the important part of adoration among Indian women. To accentuate their feminine beauty, they use jewellery made of gold, silver and diamonds. Traditionally, jewellery has always been linked with wealth, power and status. History of Indian jewellery is as old as the history of the country itself. Around 5000 years ago, the desire to adorn themselves aroused in people, leading to the origin of jewellery. Since then, Indian women and jewellery have gone hand in hand. There cannot be a woman in India, who does not adore herself with minimum jewellery. In fact, jewellery is considered as security and prestige of women in the country. The attraction for jewellery has been great in India that it is no more a craft than an art. Indian jewellery is unique in its design and workmanship. In all kinds of traditional dance forms, jewellery has been a significant part. Be it Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi or Kathak, all have given importance to jewellery in presenting the artist. The sheer number of items forming the jewellery of an Indian woman is numerous, ranging from earrings and necklaces to pieces for adorning the hair, hip, feet, and feet. Jewellery made with emeralds, diamonds, pearls, rubies, sapphires and other precious and semi-precious stones have been in practice for long. The range of jewellery in India varies from religious to purely aesthetic types. It is crafted not only for humans, but also for the Gods, ceremonial elephants and horses. Royal class people have given patronage to the art of jewellery since ancient times, when rajas and maharajas vied with each other to possess the most exquisite and magnificent pieces. Regional differences can be observed in the making of jewellery, depending on the differences in geography, people, culture, and their lifestyle. While the designs in solid gold jewellery of Tamil Nadu and Kerala are inspired by nature, the Meenakari and Kundan styles of jewellery making have been influenced by the Mughal dynasty. Then there is a huge range of silver beads found all over India, especially in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh. Their availability lead to the development of the bead jewellery, popular till date. While Assamese jewellery is influenced by local flora and fauna, Manipuri jewellery-makers make use of items like shells, animal claws, teeth and precious and semi-precious stones. These huge varieties of ornaments bear testimony to the excellent skill of the jewelers and craftspeople of the country. Indian jewellery in Gold, diamonds, silver, sterling silver, precious stones and semi-precious stones is a rage all over the world. Talking about the significance of jewellery in the life of women in India, they are gifted jewellery in different phases of life such as, at birth, at coming of age, in marriage, on becoming a mother, etc. Certain ornaments, such as mangalsutra, nath (nose ring) and toe rings, quintessential for married Indian women. From the practice of generations, these gifts are still continuing without any abruption. Jewellery gifted to women at the time of her marriage is called 'stridhan' i.e. wealth of women, which in short is symbol of wealth, power and femininity. Jewellery design is so versatile in India that it varies from state to state. If some jewellery is so much popular in one state, it might not necessarily be popular in another state. However, some basic jewellery is common among all the women across India. Bridal jewellery like maangtika, earrings, nose rings, necklace, mangalsutra, bangles, etc make up basic jewellery which adorn women in India. Incidentally, even today, gold is the metal most widely used for bridal ornaments and over the last decade, these are increasingly being studded with diamonds. Types of Jewellery Antique Jewellery Bead Jewellery Custom Jewellery Fashion Jewellery Spiral bangles and rings Glass beads, strung on nylon Chunky tribal jewellery Surgical steel jewellery Ornaments with symbols and messages Charm jewellery, such as mood rings, charm bracelets and others./li> Chandelier earrings Sterling silver jewellery, studded with artificial stones Abstract jewellery Body piercing jewellery Filigree Jewellery Gold Jewellery Silver Jewellery Stone - Elegant Jewellery Pachchikam Jewellery Navratna Jewellery In Navratna jewellery, nine auspicious stones are used in a single ornament. The belief behind this is that the nine stones together ensure well being of the person who wears it. In India, Navratna jewellery has been given major importance, because of its astrological significance as well as its innate charm. The nine stones used in the jewellery diamond, ruby, emerald, coral, pearl, sapphire, garnet, topaz, and cat's eye. As it is believed in astrology, each planet watches over one of the nine gems and offer power. Shukra is the planet for the diamond, Sun for ruby, Saturn for sapphire, Rahu for garnet, Ketu for cat's eye, Moon for pearl, Guru for topaz, Buddh for emerald and Angaraha for coral. Navratna jewellery can be set in rings that are mounted, So that the stones touch to the skin. The weight of the stones is decided according to the individual's astrological chart. In the following lines, we tell you about the significance of using the nine jewels Meenakari Jewellery Kundan Jewellery Handmade jewellery

Country of Origin : India

Rust Resistance : Yes

Give yourself a unique and elegant look with our Designer Jewellery with cool, eye popping Diamond Necklaces, Diamond Earrings, Diamond Rings, Diamond Bracelets, Diamond Pendants, Solitaire Rings, Solitaire Earring, Chandelier Earring and other type of jewellery. Diamond jewellery can help you sparkle like the star. We are counted amongst the prominent Manufacturers, Exporters and Supplier of Designer Jewellery. The trend of Designer Jewellery keeps on changing as per changing tastes of fashion conscious people. For those who are open to experimentation with new and unusual designs, shapes and colors, costume jewellery offers plethora of choices. Designer Jewellery Tradition of adoring oneself with jewellery is 5000 years old in India. Indian women and jewellery have always formed a great combination. The tradition is still alive and time has made it only more vigorous than earlier. The art of making beautiful ornaments, with delicacy and acumen, has been developed throughout the historical times. Rulers and feudal gave patronage to art and artists, to develop the same to optimum. There is jewellery for almost all the body parts, including neck, ear, nose, arms, ankles, fingers, waist, hair parting, etc. In India, jewellery is designed to match with the attire. The theme of its design as well as the color of the jewellery is taken into consideration while adoring. To make jewellery more attractive, it is topped by diamonds and various types of gems. Traditionally, Indian jewellery has been made of heavy and voluminous gold pieces, but recently jewellery made of silver, platinum and other metals has become quite popular among people. The popularity of jewellery made of stone, encrusted on metal, has grown more recently. In the following lines, we will tell you about the different kinds of jewellery in India. Gold jewellery is the most popular among South Indian women. In southern part of India, gold is considered auspicious and a status symbol. Talking about the art on gold jewellery, Kundan is something that comes into our mind. It is a Mughal-inspired art of setting precious stones like diamonds, rubies, and emeralds in gold and silver jewellery. In Meenakari, enameling is done to protect gold and floral pattern coloured in red, blue and green attracts the attention. Silver jewellery is not far behind in popularity, particularly because of its affordability, making it popular among low income group people. Jhumka, hansli, chokar, nath and bracelets made of silver are quite popular among women in India. In short, the range of jewellery in India is wide as well as varied. Be it gold, silver of diamond, you will find everything in the country. Indians have been using jewellery for adornment since centuries. The significance of jewellery in the country is evident from the fact that on many auspicious occasions, jewellery forms a part of gifts. Though the trend of men adoring themselves has now faded away, many of them still use earrings, bracelets, pedants, etc. However, it is the Indian women for whom jewellery holds utmost significance. In India, jewellery is considered auspicious for women. Even poorest of poor women will have some kind of jewellery with them. Jewellery has not only been considered for the purpose of adoration, but also as a security in times of contingency. This is because it is often expensive and can be sold whenever there is dire need of money. This way, jewellery also serves the purpose of insurance, which can be depended upon. Jewellery forms the important part of adoration among Indian women. To accentuate their feminine beauty, they use jewellery made of gold, silver and diamonds. Traditionally, jewellery has always been linked with wealth, power and status. History of Indian jewellery is as old as the history of the country itself. Around 5000 years ago, the desire to adorn themselves aroused in people, leading to the origin of jewellery. Since then, Indian women and jewellery have gone hand in hand. There cannot be a woman in India, who does not adore herself with minimum jewellery. In fact, jewellery is considered as security and prestige of women in the country. The attraction for jewellery has been great in India that it is no more a craft than an art. Indian jewellery is unique in its design and workmanship. In all kinds of traditional dance forms, jewellery has been a significant part. Be it Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi or Kathak, all have given importance to jewellery in presenting the artist. The sheer number of items forming the jewellery of an Indian woman is numerous, ranging from earrings and necklaces to pieces for adorning the hair, hip, feet, and feet. Jewellery made with emeralds, diamonds, pearls, rubies, sapphires and other precious and semi-precious stones have been in practice for long. The range of jewellery in India varies from religious to purely aesthetic types. It is crafted not only for humans, but also for the Gods, ceremonial elephants and horses. Royal class people have given patronage to the art of jewellery since ancient times, when rajas and maharajas vied with each other to possess the most exquisite and magnificent pieces. Regional differences can be observed in the making of jewellery, depending on the differences in geography, people, culture, and their lifestyle. While the designs in solid gold jewellery of Tamil Nadu and Kerala are inspired by nature, the Meenakari and Kundan styles of jewellery making have been influenced by the Mughal dynasty. Then there is a huge range of silver beads found all over India, especially in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh. Their availability lead to the development of the bead jewellery, popular till date. While Assamese jewellery is influenced by local flora and fauna, Manipuri jewellery-makers make use of items like shells, animal claws, teeth and precious and semi-precious stones. These huge varieties of ornaments bear testimony to the excellent skill of the jewelers and craftspeople of the country. Indian jewellery in Gold, diamonds, silver, sterling silver, precious stones and semi-precious stones is a rage all over the world. Talking about the significance of jewellery in the life of women in India, they are gifted jewellery in different phases of life such as, at birth, at coming of age, in marriage, on becoming a mother, etc. Certain ornaments, such as mangalsutra, nath (nose ring) and toe rings, quintessential for married Indian women. From the practice of generations, these gifts are still continuing without any abruption. Jewellery gifted to women at the time of her marriage is called 'stridhan' i.e. wealth of women, which in short is symbol of wealth, power and femininity. Jewellery design is so versatile in India that it varies from state to state. If some jewellery is so much popular in one state, it might not necessarily be popular in another state. However, some basic jewellery is common among all the women across India. Bridal jewellery like maangtika, earrings, nose rings, necklace, mangalsutra, bangles, etc make up basic jewellery which adorn women in India. Incidentally, even today, gold is the metal most widely used for bridal ornaments and over the last decade, these are increasingly being studded with diamonds. Types of Jewellery Antique JewelleryBead JewelleryCustom JewelleryFashion JewellerySpiral bangles and ringsGlass beads, strung on nylonChunky tribal jewellerySurgical steel jewelleryOrnaments with symbols and messagesCharm jewellery, such as mood rings, charm bracelets and others./li>Chandelier earringsSterling silver jewellery, studded with artificial stonesAbstract jewelleryBody piercing jewelleryFiligree JewelleryGold JewellerySilver JewelleryStone - Elegant JewelleryPachchikam JewelleryNavratna Jewellery In Navratna jewellery, nine auspicious stones are used in a single ornament. The belief behind this is that the nine stones together ensure well being of the person who wears it. In India, Navratna jewellery has been given major importance, because of its astrological significance as well as its innate charm. The nine stones used in the jewellery diamond, ruby, emerald, coral, pearl, sapphire, garnet, topaz, and cat's eye. As it is believed in astrology, each planet watches over one of the nine gems and offer power. Shukra is the planet for the diamond, Sun for ruby, Saturn for sapphire, Rahu for garnet, Ketu for cat's eye, Moon for pearl, Guru for topaz, Buddh for emerald and Angaraha for coral. Navratna jewellery can be set in rings that are mounted, So that the stones touch to the skin. The weight of the stones is decided according to the individual's astrological chart. In the following lines, we tell you about the significance of using the nine jewels Meenakari JewelleryKundan JewelleryHandmade jewellery