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We offer Study of Thermoluminescence of F-centers, TLX-02 in Alkali Halide Crystals. A colour centre is a lattice defect that absorbs visible light. These colour centers can be produced by heating the crystal in excess of alkali vapour or by irradiation. The colour centers formed due to trapped electrons or trapped holes can be destroyed (bleached) by illuminating with light or warming. Important information about the colour centers can be obtained from the plot of luminescence intensity vs. temperature, taken at a constant heating rate called glow curve. It may contain one or many glow peaks, depending upon whether there are one or several different kinds of traps. The experiment consists of the following: (a) Experimental set-up for creatingvThermoluminescence (1) Sample: KBr (TLS-KBr) and KCl (TLS-KCl) single crystal (2) Thermoluminescence Temperature Meter, TL-02 • Digital Thermometer with RTD sensor • Oven power supply (3) Sample holder (4) Thermoluminescence Oven (upto 423K), TLO-02 (5) Black Box, TL-BBx (b) For measurement of Luminescence Intensity (1) Photomultiplier tube 931A, TL-PMT (2) PMT Housing with biasing circuit and connecting coaxial cables, TL-PMH (3) High Voltage Power supply, EHT-11 (4) Digital Nanoammeter, DNM-121 Complete in all respect, only X-ray facilities are required to create F-centers in the crystal.

• Country of Origin: India
• Size: 13x13x7

We offer Study of Hybrid Parameters of A Transistor,the following studies can be carried out with this set-up: Study of h(11) parameter (input impendance parameter). Study of h(22) parameter (output admittance parameter). Study of h(21) parameter (forward current transfer ratio). Study of h(12) parameter (reverse voltage feedback ratio). The experimental set-up is provided with a built-in power supplied and is complete. The set-up is so designed that no high voltage is exposed and hence safe in handling by the students.